Reduction Of Nitrobenzene In The Presence Of Zn NH4Cl Gives

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• Reduction of nitrobenzene in t...

AnswerQuestion Answers for Class 12Class 12 BiologyClass 12 ChemistryClass 12 EnglishClass 12 MathsClass 12 PhysicsClass 12 Social ScienceClass 12 Business StudiesClass 12 EconomicsQuestion Answers for Class 11Class 11 EconomicsClass 11 Computer ScienceClass 11 BiologyClass 11 ChemistryClass 11 EnglishClass 11 MathsClass 11 PhysicsClass 11 Social ScienceClass 11 AccountancyClass 11 Business StudiesQuestion Answers for Class 10Class 10 ScienceClass 10 EnglishClass 10 MathsClass 10 Social ScienceClass 10 General KnowledgeQuestion Answers for Class 9Class 9 General KnowledgeClass 9 ScienceClass 9 EnglishClass 9 MathsClass 9 Social ScienceQuestion Answers for Class 8Class 8 ScienceClass 8 EnglishClass 8 MathsClass 8 Social ScienceQuestion Answers for Class 7Class 7 ScienceClass 7 EnglishClass 7 MathsClass 7 Social ScienceQuestion Answers for Class 6Class 6 ScienceClass 6 EnglishClass 6 MathsClass 6 Social ScienceQuestion Answers for Class 5Class 5 ScienceClass 5 EnglishClass 5 MathsClass 5 Social ScienceQuestion Answers for Class 4Class 4 ScienceClass 4 EnglishClass 4 MathsReduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of Zn \[N{{H}_{4}}Cl\] gives:A) HydrazobenzeneB) AnilineC) AzobenzeneD) N-phenylhydroxylamineAnswerVerified583.5k+ viewsHint: Ammonium salts, such as ammonium formate and acetate, can also be used as a promoter for zinc reduction. Promoters, like ammonium chloride, serve as electrolytes and complex forming agents to enable zinc reduction of nitrobenzene to proceed at near ambient temperatures.Complete answer:For reduction of a nitro compound into an amine, it requires six units of reducing agent.\[R-N{{O}_{2}}+6{{H}^{+}}+6{{e}^{-}}\to RN{{H}_{2}}+2{{H}_{2}}O\]The whole reaction doesn’t occur in a single step, instead it requires multiple steps with forming a chain of intermediates, which with strong reducing agents in acidic solution have a small transient existence. Intermediates formed by adding two units of reducing agents to \[RN{{O}_{2}}\] are nitroso compounds, \[RN=O\]and N-substituted hydroxylamines \[RNHOH\].\[RN{{O}_{2}}\xrightarrow[-{{H}_{2}}O]{2[H]}RN=O\xrightarrow{2[H]}RNHOH\xrightarrow[-{{H}_{2}}O]{2[H]}RN{{H}_{2}}\]The n- substituted hydroxylamine can be directly obtained from the respective nitro compounds with Zn and \[N{{H}_{4}}Cl\]. Reduction of nitrobenzene with the help of Zn is an electrolytic reaction done in the aqueous phase, where an electrolyte is required to serve as the promoter. Generally, ammonium chloride \[N{{H}_{4}}Cl\] is used as a promoter and the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 50℃– 65℃.The exact mechanism for the formation of N-substituted hydroxylamine can be seen below. Note: Under mildly alkaline conditions, the reduction is terminated at the formation of N-substituted hydroxylamine. But under acidic conditions, the reaction proceeds further to form aniline as seen in the picture below. In the second branch we have used Zn and HCl instead of Zn and \[N{{H}_{4}}Cl\]. Recently Updated PagesMaster Class 12 Business Studies: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 Chemistry: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessClass 12 Question and Answer - Your Ultimate Solutions GuideMaster Class 12 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 Business Studies: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessMaster Class 12 Chemistry: Engaging Questions & Answers for SuccessClass 12 Question and Answer - Your Ultimate Solutions GuideMaster Class 12 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

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