Shenyang J-6 - Wikipedia

Chinese variant of the Soviet MiG-19

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J-6/F-6
A J-6 fighter flight display at the 2010 Zhuhai Air Show
General information
Type	Fighter aircraft
Manufacturer	Shenyang Aircraft Corporation[1]
Status	In service
Primary users	People's Liberation Army Air Force (historical) Pakistan Air Force (historical) Korean People's Air ForceBangladesh Air Force (historical)
Number built	4,500+ (including JJ-6 trainer)[1]
History
Manufactured	1958–1986
Introduction date	29 April 1962 (1964, practical type)
First flight	30 September 1959
Retired	Late 1990s (China)Mid-2002 (Pakistan)
Developed from	Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19
Developed into	Nanchang Q-5

The Shenyang J-6 (Chinese: 歼-6; designated F-6 for export versions; NATO reporting name: Farmer) is the Chinese version of the Soviet MiG-19 'Farmer' fighter

Design and development

[edit]

Although the MiG-19 had a comparatively short life in Soviet service, the Chinese came to value its agility, turning performance, and powerful cannon armament, and produced it for their own use between 1958 and 1981. While the basic Soviet-built MiG-19 has been retired from all nations, the Shenyang J-6 still flies for nine of its original 15 operators, however, in a very limited capacity. The J-6 airframe contributed to the Chinese ground attack version, the Q-5, which still flies for numerous nations.

The J-6 was considered "disposable" and was intended to be operated for only 100 flight hours (or approximately 100 sorties) before being overhauled. The Pakistan Air Force was often able to extend this to 130 hours with diligent maintenance.[2]

A number of J-6 based at Liancheng and Yangtang-li bases appeared to have been converted into unmanned aircraft.[3] Work on unmanned J-6 was first reported in 2013.[4]

Description

[edit]

The J-6 has a maximum speed at altitude of 1,540 km/h (960 mph), Mach 1.45. Service ceiling is 17,900 m (58,700 ft). Combat radius with two drop tanks is about 640 km (400 mi). The aircraft is powered by two Liming Wopen-6A (Tumansky R-9) turbojet engines. In addition to the internal cannon armament, most have provision for four wing pylons for up to 250 kg (550 lb) each, with a maximum ordnance load of 500 kg (1,100 lb). Typical stores include unguided bombs, 55 mm rocket pods, or PL-2/PL-5 (Chinese versions of Soviet K-13) air-to-air missiles.

Operational history

[edit]

East Asia

[edit]

China

[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2025)

The first use and loss of a U.S. fighter to a J-6 was in 1965 when a USAF Lockheed F-104 Starfighter piloted by Captain Philip E. Smith was intercepted by a PLAAF aircraft after illegally flying into Chinese airspace over Hainan Island. His Starfighter took cannon fire which damaged a portion of his wing and missile mount. Smith attempted to attack the defending aircraft and stated he received missile tone on the MiG but, shortly after pressing his missile firing button, his Starfighter lost all power. He ejected and was captured. Smith was held prisoner until he was released on 15 March 1973, due to improving US-China relations following U.S. President Richard Nixon's visit to China in 1972.[5][6]

Vietnam

[edit]

The Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) began receiving the J-6 at the end of Operation Rolling Thunder, which ended in 1968. Despite their limited numbers, J-6s were involved in extensive combat during Operations Linebacker and Linebacker 2. The VPAF claimed seven victories over U.S. aircraft using the J-6, all of which were F-4 Phantom IIs.[7] The MiG-19 was tested by U.S. pilots in the United States in 1969 after receiving an F-6 (J-6 export model) from Pakistan.[N 1][8] In addition to finding the aircraft to have a good canopy allowing good visibility for the pilot, along with three hard-hitting 30mm cannons, U.S. pilots found the MiG-19 (J-6/F-6) to be an excellent fighter, "like the MiG-17, it could easily out-turn the Phantom...and could out-accelerate the F-4 out to Mach 1.2, but was slower than the MiG-21.".[9] However, the MiG-19's greatest fault was its extremely short range, as one U.S. test pilot remarked, "after going in full after-burner at low altitude for five minutes, the MiG driver will be looking for a place to land!"[10] This, combined with the aircraft's twin engines, which were difficult to maintain, made the MiG-19 unpopular with North Vietnamese pilots.[11]

The North Vietnamese government decided in early 1969 to strengthen its air defenses by creating a third jet fighter unit, the 925th Fighter Regiment. This unit would consist of late model MiG-17s and the newly acquired MiG-19s (nearly all of which were Shenyang J-6s from the People's Republic of China (PRC)). The regiment was established at Yen Bai, and by April 1969, nine combat-rated MiG-19 pilots were posted for combat duty. While some of North Vietnam's MiG-17s and all of their MiG-21s were supplied by the Soviet Union, the MiG-19s (J-6 models) were supplied by the PRC, which seldom exceeded 54 MiG-19s in number.[12]

While the J-6 lacked mounts for early air-to-air missiles, unlike early model F-4 Phantom IIs, it was armed with cannons effective in ACM. VPAF J-6s had three 30 mm cannons which "were notable for their large muzzle flash"[13] when fired. The aircraft were loaded with 90 rounds per cannon, giving approximately six seconds of firing time. A single two second burst of 90 shells could impact a US aircraft with 81 lb (37 kg) of metal.[14] This contrasted to the small U.S. 20 mm cannon such as the M61 Vulcan which would deliver 39 lb (18 kg) of metal.[15]

US sources claim that 10 VPAF MiG-19s were lost in aerial combat. On 2 June 1972 a J-6 was the first recorded jet fighter to be shot down in aerial combat by cannon fire at supersonic speeds,[16] by a USAF F-4 Phantom flown by Phil Handley. According to the VPAF, from 1965 to 1972, North Vietnamese J-6s shot down 13 enemy aircraft and helicopters, while five J-6s were lost (four shot down by enemy aircraft and one by friendly fire) and one pilot was killed.[17]

Air-to-air victories

[edit]

The following are Chinese and Vietnamese air-to-air kills, confirmed by US sources; all were achieved with 30 mm cannon shells.

MiG-19/J-6 air combat victories, 1965-1972[18][19]

Date	MiG-19 pilot/unit	Aircraft destroyed	Destroyed aircraft unit/comments
1965-09-20	Chinese pilot/s; unknown unit	F-104C Starfighter	USAF 435th Tactical Fighter Squadron.[20][21]
1967-08-21	Chinese pilot/s; unknown unit	(2) A-6 Intruders	USN VA-196.[22]
1972-05-10	Vietnamese 925th Fighter Regiment (FR)	F-4D Phantom II	USAF 555th TFS
1972-05-10	Vietnamese 925th FR	F-4E	USAF 58th TFS
1972-05-18	Vietnamese 925th FR	F-4D	USAF 421st TFS

Kampuchea

[edit]

In the era of Khmer Rouge control of Cambodia (1975–1979), Chinese-supplied Khmer J-6s participated in Kampuchea-Vietnamese border clashes for ground attacks. During the Vietnamese invasion in 1978, the Cambodian aircraft were reluctant to take-off to intercept the Vietnamese ones, thus the Vietnamese captured a number of J-6s and put them on public display.

Pakistan

[edit]

Between 1965 and 1980, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) received 260 F-6 fighters which went on to serve with 10 PAF squadrons at various times. During their service, Pakistani F-6s also underwent 140 modifications at the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex to improve its capabilities in the interceptor and close air support roles. These modifications included installation of Martin-Baker ejection seats, gun cameras, western avionics, AIM-9B/J/P missiles, French 68mm SNEB rockets, underbelly gondola-style fuel tanks and a special ground power unit, to quickly start the engines and shorten scramble time.[23][24][25]

1971 Indo-Pakistani War

[edit]

When the 1971 War broke out, the PAF had operationalized three F-6 squadrons which were the No. 11, No. 23 & No. 25 Squadrons. The F-6s of these squadrons collectively flew 945 sorties out of which 834 were combat ones.[23][24][25]

Air to Air Combat

[edit]

Throughout the war, the F-6 flew 650 Air Defence sorties in which they shot down approximately 8 Indian warplanes while damaging 2 more.[23][26]

On 4 December 1971, Flight Lieutenant Javaid Latif of the No. 23 Squadron shot down an Su-7 over Risalewala Airfield while Flying Officer Qazi Javed of the No. 25 Squadron shot down a Hawker Hunter over Mianwali Airfield.[25][24]

On 5 December 1971, Wing Commander Saad Hatmi (the Officer Commanding of the No. 25 Squadron) and his wingman Flight Lt. Shahid Raza shot down 2 Indian Hunters near Sakesar.[24][25]

On 7 December 1971, Flight Lt. Atiq Sufi of the No. 11 Squadron shot down an Su-7 near Samba.[24][25]

On 8 December 1971, Wing Commander Hashmi shot down a Su-7 which was attacking the Risalewala Airfield.[27][24][25]

On 14 December 1971, Flight Lieutenant Amir Sharif of No. 11 Squadron claimed to have shot down a superior IAF MiG-21 over Shakargarh.[28][25][29]

Ground Attack

[edit]

Moreover, the F-6 flew 184 Ground Attack sorties where their 3 x 30 mm guns and 57 mm S-5 rockets were particularly effective against Indian armour, military vehicles, bunkers, and troop concentrations. Their Close Air Support missions at Shakargarh were the most successful.[30][31][23]

At the end of the war, the PAF had lost two F-6s to ground fire while losing one F-6 to an Indian Su-7. An F-6 was also lost to friendly fire.[32][26]

Some notable Pakistani F-6 pilots are Mushaf Ali Mir who later became the PAF's Chief, Wajid Ali Khan who was taken as a POW after being shot down by Indian AAA, he later became a Member of the Parliament in Canada and Syed Manzoor ul Hassan Hashmi. The single-seat F-6 was retired from the Pakistan Air Force in 2002 and replaced with the Chengdu F-7P/PG aircraft.[23][25]

Albania

[edit]

Albanian Air Force J-6s replaced the J-5s on the border to intercept Yugoslav incursions into Albanian airspace. However, the J-6 was ineffective against the faster Yugoslav MiG-21 'Fishbed'. Once the F-7A became available, the J-6 was redeployed to protect Tirana. As of 2005 all Albanian fighters were grounded due to a lack of spare parts.[citation needed]

Africa

[edit]

Somalia

[edit]

Somalia ordered at least eleven F-6Cs and two FT-6s in 1979.[33] Deliveries started in 1980.[34] They were used during border skirmishes with Ethiopia in 1981, and they also saw combat during the Somali Rebellion, in the second half of the 1980s and until 1991.[35]

Sudan

[edit]

Twelve F-6 fighters and two FT-6 trainers were reportedly delivered to the Sudanese Air Force, starting in 1973. Moreover, twelve F-6Cs were delivered between 1981 and 1983. Another batch of twelve F-6Cs might have been acquired in 1990, as well as two FT-6s in 2001.[36] Sudanese F-6s participated in the Second Sudanese Civil War, from the 1980s to the early 1990s.[37] One F-6 was claimed shot down by the rebels in 1988, and two more in the autumn of 1991.[38]

Tanzania

[edit]

The Tanzania Air Force Command received its first batch of twelve F-6s starting in June 1973.[39] An additional twelve F-6Cs and up to four FT-6s were also delivered in 1982.[40] Tanzanian F-6s participated in the 1978–1979 Uganda-Tanzania War. However, they aren't known to have been involved in any air-to-air combats.[41]

Zambia

[edit]

Twelve F-6s were delivered to the Zambian Air Force, probably between 1976 and 1978.[42] On 8 June 1980, Zambian F-6s intercepted and shot down an Angolan Yakovlev Yak-40, under unknown circumstances.[43]

Iran–Iraq War

[edit]

During the 1980–88 Iran–Iraq War, both sides deployed J-6 fighter jets. Documents from the US Defense Intelligence Agency released under the Freedom of Information Act (United States) on Chinese arms sales to Iran reveal that between 1980 and 1987 China delivered 100 J-6 fighter jets to Iran.[44] Iraq's J-6 fighters were transferred from the Egyptian Air Force. Most missions J-6s performed during the Iran-Iraq War were air-to-ground attack.[45]

Variants

[edit]

Mass production type

[edit]

• Shenyang J-6 – (a.k.a. Type 59, Dongfeng-102, Product 47 and F-6) Despite having no suffix to the designation, the J-6 appeared after the initial production of the J-6A had begun. The J-6 was equivalent, but not identical, to the MiG-19S.[1]
• Shenyang J-6A – Production of the J-6 restarted after new assembly jigs, and other assistance, acquired from the USSR. Similar to MiG-19PF, an all-weather radar-equipped interceptor with two NR-30 30mm cannon. Exported as the F-6A.[1]
• J-6B – (a.k.a. Type 59B, Dongfeng-105 and Jianjiji-6 Yi) Similar to MiG-19PM "Farmer-D", interceptor with two PL-1 (Chinese version of Soviet K-5 (AA-1 'Alkali') beam-riding air-to-air missiles; it is unclear if the J-6B retains its cannon. Only 19 J-6Bs were built by Nanchang Aircraft Mfg. Co. before the programme was terminated.[1]
• J-6C – (a.k.a. Jianjiji-6 Bing, Product 55 and F-6C) Day fighter version with three 30mm cannons and braking parachute at the base of the rudder.[1] This cannon's codename is Type 30-1.[46]
• Shenyang J-6D – Advanced version of the J-6A with radome on the splitter plate (rather than the shock cone centerbody) for a Chinese-made radar. May also have been designated J-6 Xin.[1] Another name is "J-6III". The name D-type was coined as a piggyback.
• Shenyang/Tianjin JJ-6 – (Jianjiji Jiaolianji – fighter trainer, a.k.a. Product 48 and FT-6) Chinese designed two-seat trainer, stretched 84 cm (33.1 in) to accommodate second seat, armed with one 30 mm cannon.[1]
• Shenyang JZ-6 – (Jianjiji Zhenchaji – reconnaissance fighter) Dedicated reconnaissance version with fuselage camera pack replacing cannon. In April 2006, it was reported that the PLAAF 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment, 26 Air Division based in Nanjing MR, it was the last regiment to actively fly the JZ-6 refusing to convert to the JZ-8F.[47][better source needed] Exported as the Shenyang FR-6.
• Guizhou J-6A – J-6A aircraft upgraded to carry two PL-2 (Pi Li – Thunderbolt) infrared-homing air-to-air missiles. The first flight was on 21 December 1975.
• J-6W - target drone variant,[48] first reported in 2013.[4]

Prototype machine (including unfinished)

[edit]

• Shenyang J-6A – (a.k.a. Type 59A, Dongfeng-103, Jianjiji-6 Jia) – Early production from 1958 to 1960 was sub-standard and not accepted by the PLAAF. Production was halted, the jigs scrapped, and production restarted with assistance from the USSR. The J-6A was equivalent to the MiG-19P. The maiden flight was made by Wang Shuhuai on 17 December 1958. Only around 100 aircraft from this version were produced. It was reported that the J-6A never actually passed the PLAAF's tests. The planes were of little operational value and suffered from quality issues, flight characteristics were much lower than those of the J-6.[1]
• Shenyang J-6I – Single-seat day-fighter prototype with fixed shock cone on the intake splitter plate.[1]
• Shenyang J-6II – Single-seat tactical fighter prototype with adjustable shock cone on a raked back intake splitter plate.[1]
• Shenyang/Tianjin JJ-6 Testbed – Ejection seat testbed that succeeded H-5 ejection seat testbed.[1]
• Xian BW-1 – Fly-by-wire flying controls test-bed for the Xian JH-7 flying control system.[1]

Operators

[edit]

Current

[edit]

 Myanmar

• Myanmar Air Force – 1 F-6 fighter as of December 2023[49]

 North Korea

• North Korea Air Force – 97 F-6s fighters as of December 2023[50]

 Pakistan

• Pakistan Air Force − 9 FT-6 trainers as of December 2023[51]

 Sudan

• Sudanese Air Force – 8 F-6 fighters as of December 2023[52]

 Tanzania

• Tanzanian Air Force – 3 F-6 fighters and 1 FT-6 trainer as of December 2023[53]

 Zambia

• Zambian Air Force – 8 F-6 fighters and 2 FT-6 trainers as of December 2023[54]

Former

[edit]

 Albania

• Albanian Air Force – 71 F-6 and FT-6 delivered between 1965 and 1971 partly in exchange for MiG-19PMs according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), while former Air Force commander Edip Ohri stated that an initial batch of 12 aircraft was received followed by an additional batch of 95 aircraft.[55][56] Retired in 2005.[57] As of 2019, some remain in storage[58]

 Bangladesh

• Bangladesh Air Force

 China

• People's Liberation Army Air Force – Operated 35 JJ-6 ca. December 2019[59]
• People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force – Operated 14 JJ-6 ca. December 2019[60]

Democratic Kampuchea

• Air Force of the Revolutionary Army of Kampuchea − 6 donated by China in 1978 in response to the Cambodian–Vietnamese War[55]

 Egypt

• Egyptian Air Force – 40 delivered by China in exchange for MiG-23s in 1979. Between 1982 and 1983, a further 50 were delivered. This second batch was assembled in Egypt.[55] 44 F-6 and FT-6 were in service in 2011[61]

 Iran

• Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force − At least 16 were delivered between 1982 and 1984. According to SIPRI, the total number of aircraft delivered could be 22 or 25[55]

Iraq

• Iraqi Air Force − 40 delivered between 1982 and 1983 through Egypt and Jordan.[55] Operated an unknown number of aircraft prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq[62]

 Somalia

• Somali Air Force – At least 30 delivered between 1980 and 1981. According to SIPRI, the total number of aircraft delivered could be up to 50.[55] Somali F-6s were dumped and destroyed in the years following the disintegration of the SAC in 1991[63]

 Vietnam

• Vietnam People's Air Force – 44 delivered in 1968–1969, another 24 delivered in 1974.[64]

Specifications (J-6)

[edit]

Data from Chinese aircraft : China's aviation industry since 1951,[65] Combat aircraft since 1945[66]

General characteristics

• Crew: 1 (JJ-6 trainer – 2)
• Length: 14.64 m (48 ft 0 in) (variants with nose pitot probe)

12.54 m (41.1 ft) (variants without nose pitot probe)

• Wingspan: 9 m (29 ft 6 in)
• Height: 3.885 m (12 ft 9 in)
• Wing area: 25.16 m2 (270.8 sq ft)
• Empty weight: 5,172 kg (11,402 lb) to 5,447 kg (12,009 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 7,560 kg (16,667 lb) clean

8,662 kg (19,096 lb) with drop tanks 8,832 kg (19,471 lb) with drop tanks and rocket pods

• Fuel capacity: 1,735–1,800 kg (3,825–3,968 lb) internal

2,796 kg (6,164 lb) with drop tanks

• Powerplant: 2 × Wopen WP-6A afterburning turbojet engines, 25.5 kN (5,730 lbf) thrust each dry, 31.8 kN (7,160 lbf) with afterburner

Performance

• Maximum speed: 1,540 km/h (960 mph, 830 kn)
• Maximum speed: Mach 1.3
• Range: 1,400 km (870 mi, 760 nmi)
• Combat range: 640 km (400 mi, 350 nmi)
• Ferry range: 2,200 km (1,400 mi, 1,200 nmi) with drop tanks
• Endurance: 1 hour 43 minutes clean

2 hours 38 minutes with drop tanks

• Service ceiling: 15,800 m (51,800 ft) at military power

17,500–17,900 m (57,400–58,700 ft) with full afterburner

• Rate of climb: 180 m/s (35,000 ft/min)
• Take-off run: 900 m (3,000 ft) at full military power

515 m (1,690 ft) with full afterburner

• Landing run: 610 m (2,000 ft) with brake parachute

890 m (2,920 ft) without brake parachute

Armament

• 3x 30 mm NR-30 cannons (70 rounds per gun for wing guns, 55 rounds for fuselage gun)
• Up to 250 kg (550 lb) of unguided bombs or rocket pods or PL-2/PL-5 (Chinese versions of Soviet K-13 (NATO AA-2 'Atoll') and AIM-9 (for Pakistani F-6s only) air-to-air missiles on 4 underwing pylons

See also

[edit]

Related development

• Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19
• Nanchang Q-5

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

• Dassault Super Mystère
• North American F-100 Super Sabre

Related lists

• List of fighter aircraft

Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ This MiG-19 is currently on display at the National Museum of the USAF in Dayton, Ohio. Courtesy of the USAF 457th Technical Evaluation Squadron, Nellis AFB, Area 51.

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Gordon, Yefim & Komissarov, Dmitry. Chinese Aircraft. Hikoki Publications. Manchester. 2008. ISBN 978-1-902109-04-6
2. ^ Yeager and Janos 1986, p. 396.
3. ^ Yeo, Mike (20 October 2021). "China shows off drones recycled from Soviet-era fighter jets". Defense News. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
4. ^ a b Yeo, Mike (20 October 2021). "China shows off drones recycled from Soviet-era fighter jets". defensenews.com. Defense News. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
5. ^ Smith and Herz p. 29–35, 67, 68, (1992)
6. ^ "Smith, Philip Eldon." pownetwork.org. Retrieved: 21 July 2011
7. ^ Toperczer 2001, p. 90.
8. ^ Michel III-p 188,189
9. ^ Michael III, p. 189
10. ^ Michel III p. 189
11. ^ Michel III-p188,189
12. ^ Toperczer 2001, p. 64.
13. ^ Michel III p. 189, 212
14. ^ Michel III, p. 189, 312
15. ^ Michel III p. 13, 16
16. ^ Davies #55, p. 37, 38
17. ^ "Archived copy". old.vko.ru. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
18. ^ Hobson p. 271
19. ^ Toperczer (#25) p. 90
20. ^ Hobson p. 32
21. ^ Smith & Herz p. 8, 12, 31
22. ^ Hobson p. 114
23. ^ a b c d e AVM (R) Ikramullah Bhatti (27 July 2020). "Faithful Warrior". Second To None. Directorate of Media Affairs Pakistan Air Force. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
24. ^ a b c d e f Group Captain Sultan M Hali. "F-6 Aircraft of Pakistan Air Force". Defence Journal. Archived from the original on 27 October 2000. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
25. ^ a b c d e f g h Air Commodore Qadeer Ahmad Hashmi. "Final Salute to F-6". DefenceJournal.com. Archived from the original on 3 January 2003.
26. ^ a b "Trauma & Reconstruction (1971-1980)". Pakistan Air Force. Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
27. ^ "F-6 Vs SU-7". PAF Over the Years (Revised ed.). Pakistan: Directorate of Media Affairs, Pakistan Air Force. June 2007. p. 73.
28. ^ "BBC Interview of Flight Lt. Amir Sharif". Facebook.
29. ^ "PAF Air to Air kills (1971 War)". PakDef.info. Archived from the original on 5 June 2008. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
30. ^ Kaiser Tufail (14 April 2010). "Air Support in Shakargarh – 1971 War". AERONAUT.
31. ^ Kaiser Tufail (10 August 2019). "1971 Air War Assessed". Defence Journal.
32. ^ "PAF Aircraft losses (1971 War)". PakDef.info. Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
33. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, pp. 99, 107
34. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 97
35. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, pp. 107, 110
36. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 116
37. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, pp. 133, 135
38. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, pp. 135, 153
39. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 161
40. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, pp. 161, 165–166
41. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 167
42. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 200
43. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 204
44. ^ "Defense Intelligence Agency > FOIA > FOIA Electronic Reading Room > FOIA Reading Room: China". Archived from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
45. ^ "J-6 Fighter Jets in wars". AirForceWorld.com. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
46. ^ "J6 fighter jet ammunition". AirForceWorld.com. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
47. ^ "China Defense Blog". Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 16 August 2006.
48. ^ Reed, John. "Meet China's new-old killer drones". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
49. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 24.
50. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 25.
51. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 26.
52. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 30.
53. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 31.
54. ^ Hoyle 2023, p. 34.
55. ^ a b c d e f "Arms transfer database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
56. ^ Bytyçi 2022, p. 174.
57. ^ Koleka, Benet (12 October 2018). "Albania's graveyard of MiGs to become NATO air base". Reuters. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
58. ^ Mizokami, Kyle (1 April 2019). "Albania's Ghost Air Force Is Up for Sale, But It Doesn't Look So Good". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
59. ^ Hoyle and Fafard Flight International 10–16 December 2019, p. 35
60. ^ Hoyle and Fafard Flight International 10–16 December 2019, p. 36
61. ^ Wragg 2011, p. 112.
62. ^ Cordesman 2003, p. 24.
63. ^ Cooper et al. 2011, p. 110
64. ^ Toperczer 2001, pp. 14, 58, 64, 95
65. ^ Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitry (2008). Chinese aircraft : China's aviation industry since 1951 (1st ed.). Manchester: Hikoki Publications. pp. 31–47. ISBN 978-1-902109-04-6.
66. ^ Wilson, Stewart (2000). Combat aircraft since 1945. Fyshwick: Aerospace Publications. p. 125. ISBN 1-875671-50-1.

Bibliography

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• Toperczer, Istvan (2001). MiG-17 and MiG-19 Units of the Vietnam War. Osprey Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-84176-162-1.
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External links

[edit] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shenyang J-6.

• Shenyang J-6 fighter photo collection and introduction in Chinese

v t e Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 family
Aircraft	MiG-15 MiG-17 MiG-19 I-310 I-330 I-340 I-360 J-2 J-4
Missiles/drones	AS-1/KS-1 FKR-1 S-2
Foreignproduction	Aero(Czechoslovakia) S-102 S-103 S-104 S-105 Nanchang(China) Q-5 A-5 BA-5 PZL-Mielec(Poland) Lim-1 Lim-2 Lim-5 Lim-6 Shenyang(China) J-5 J-6 F-5 F-6
NATOreporting names	Fagot Fantan Farmer (I) Farmer (II) Fresco (I) Fresco (II) Fresco (III) Kennel Midget Salish Samlet
See also: MiG-21 family

v t e AVIC aircraft and aero engines
Fighter and attack aircraft	J-5 J-6 J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 JF-17 Q-5 J-11 J-15 J-16 J-20 J-35
Bombers	H-6 JH-7 H-20
Trainers	AG100 CJ-6 CJ-7 JL-8 JL-9 JL-10
Transport aircraft	Y-7 Y-8 Y-9 Y-11 Y-12 Y-20
Commercial aircraft	AG600 C909 C919 C929 (under development) Y-12 MA60 MA600 MA700
Civilian airship	AS700
Helicopters	Advanced Heavy Lifter AC313 AC332 AC352 CA-109 HC-120 WZ-10 WZ-19 Z-5 Z-8 Z-9 Z-11 Z-18 Z-20
Ultralight aircraft	Lucky Bird
UAVs and UCAVs	BZK-005 Dark Sword GJ-11 Wing Loong WZ-7 WZ-10
Engines	CJ-1000A WS-9 WS-10 WS-20 WS-11 WS-13 WS-19 WS-15
Missiles	PL-2 PL-5 PL-8 PL-9 PL-10 PL-12 PL-15 PL-17
Miscellaneous	Baidi Type-B

v t e Chinese People's Liberation Army fighter designations
Jiān "J"(Fighter)	J-11 J-2 J-31 J-4 J-5 J-6 J-7 J-8 J-9 J-10 J-11 J-12 J-13 J-141 J-15 J-16 J-181 J-191 J-20 J-21 through J-301 J-31 J-321 J-331 J-341 J-35 J-362 J-37 through J-491 J-502
Export	"F" F-2 F-5 F-6 F-7 F-8 F-10 "FC" FC-1 FC-20 FC-31
Relateddesignations	JH-7 Export FBC-1
1 Unknown/not assigned  • 2 Unconfirmed/speculationSee also: J-XX

v t e Chinese People's Liberation Army trainer designations
Jiào "J"(Trainer)	JJ-1 J-21 J-31 J-41 CJ-5 CJ-6 CJ-7 JL-8 JL-9 JL-10
Export	"T" T-6 "L" L-7 L-11 L-15 "FTC" FTC-2000
Relateddesignations	HJ-5 HYJ-7 JJ-2 JJ-5 JJ-6 JJ-7 Export BT-5 FT-2 FT-5 FT-6 FT-7
1 Unknown/not assigned

v t e Active Chinese military aircraft
Fighters	Multirole and strike J-15 J-16 J-10B J-11B J-10 J-20 JH-7 Su-30MK2 Su-30MKK Su-35S Air superiority and interceptor J-20 J-10B J-15 J-11 J-8 J-7 Su-27
Bombers	H-6
AEW and AEW&C	Y-8 ELINT KJ-2000 KJ-500 Y-8 GX8 Y-8CB Y-8DZ Y-8G Y-8GX3 Y-8JB Y-8T Y-8W Y-8EW ZDK03 KJ-200 Y-8J
Tankers	HY-6 Il-78 YY-20
Reconnaissance	JZ-8 JZ-7 JZ-6 Tu-154M
Transport	Strategic Y-20 Il-76 Maritime Patrol Y-8FQ SH-5 Tactical Y-9 Y-8 Y-12 Y-7 Y-5 737-300/-700 CL 601 Tu-154
Trainers	JL-10 JL-9 JL-8 JJ-7 CJ-6
Helicopters	Attack Z-10 Z-19 Z-9W Z-11W Transport and utility Z-20 Z-18 Z-11 Z-9 Z-8 ASW Z-18 Z-9C Z-8 Ka-28
UAVs and UCAVs	List of unmanned aerial vehicles of China UCAV GJ-1 GJ-2 WJ-600 Guizhou Sparrow Hawk II CH-3 UAV CH-4 CH-901 URAV WZ-7 WZ-8 Sky Wing I/II Long Eagle Guizhou WZ-2000 Harbin BZK-005 ASN-229A BZK-008 Target Drone ChangKong-1 J-6W
Lists: Aircraft Military aircraft UAVs

v t e Chinese military aircraft
Fighters	Multiroleand strike J-50* J-36* J-35 J-20 J-15 J-16 J-10B J-11B J-10 FC-1 JH-7 Su-30MK2 Su-30MKK Su-35S Air superiorityand interceptor J-50* J-36* J-35 J-20 J-11D* J-10B J-15 J-13 J-12 J-11 J-9 J-8 J-7 J-6 J-5 J-2 MiG-9 Su-27SK Ground attack Q-5 Q-6 Electronic warfare J-16D J-15D
Bombers	H-20* H-8 H-7 H-6 H-5 Tu-14 Tu-2
AEW&C and EW	Traditional aeroplanes KJ-600 KJ-500 KJ-2000 Y-9JZ ELINT Y-8CB Y-8DZ Y-8G Y-8GX3 Y-8JB Y-8T Y-8W Y-8EW ZDK03 Y-8J KJ-200 Y-7 AWACS KJ-1 AEWC An-30 Stratospheric airships CIOMP stratospheric airship
Tankers	YY-20 HY-6 Il-78
Reconnaissance	JZ-8 JZ-7 JZ-6 JZ-5 HZ-5 Tu-154M
Transport	Strategic Y-20 Y-9 Y-8 Il-76 Y-7 Maritime Patrol KQ-200 Y-8EX SH-5 Tactical Y-9 Y-12 Y-11 Y-8 Y-7 Y-6 Y-5 CL 601 Tu-154
Trainers	JL-10 JL-9 JL-8 JJ-7 JJ-6 JJ-5 JJ-2 JJ-1 CJ-7* CJ-6 CJ-5 Yak-11
Helicopters	Attack Z-21* Z-19 Z-10 Z-9W Z-11W Transportand utility Z-20 Z-18 Z-15* Z-11 Z-9 Z-8 Mi-8 Mi-171 Z-6 Z-5 ASW Z-20F Z-18F Z-9C Z-8 Ka-28
UAVs and UCAVs	Tactical WZ-6 CASIC Blade MALE CASC Rainbow Harbin BZK-005 Tengden TB-001 HALE WZ-7 WZ-8 WZ-9 WZ-10 CIOMP stratospheric airship Combat BA-5 GJ-1 GJ-2 GJ-11 Dark Sword* List of unmanned aerial vehicles of China
* = Under development or official military designation not revealed Italicized = Retired or cancelled Lists: Aircraft Military aircraft UAVs