Sodium Stearate - Wikipedia

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  • 1 Production
  • 2 Safety and environmental considerations
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Appearance move to sidebar hide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sodium stearate
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Sodium octadecanoate
Identifiers
CAS Number
  • 822-16-2 checkY
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
ChEBI
  • CHEBI:132109 ☒N
ChemSpider
  • 12639 checkY
ECHA InfoCard 100.011.354 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 212-490-5
PubChem CID
  • 2724691
UNII
  • QU7E2XA9TG checkY
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID9027318 Edit this at Wikidata
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C18H36O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;+1/p-1 checkYKey: RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/C18H36O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;+1/p-1Key: RYYKJJJTJZKILX-REWHXWOFAA
SMILES
  • [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
Chemical formula C18H35NaO2
Molar mass 306.466 g·mol−1
Appearance white solid
Odor slight, tallow-like odor
Density 1.02 g/cm3
Melting point 245 to 255 °C (473 to 491 °F; 518 to 528 K)
Solubility in water soluble
Solubility slightly soluble in ethanediol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
2 1 0
Flash point 176 °C (349 °F; 449 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?) Infobox references
Chemical compound

Sodium stearate (IUPAC: sodium octadecanoate) is the sodium salt of stearic acid. This white solid is the most common soap. It is found in many types of solid deodorants, rubbers, latex paints, and inks. It is also a component of some food additives and food flavorings.[1]

Production

[edit]

Sodium stearate is produced as a major component of soap upon saponification of oils and fats. The percentage of the sodium stearate depends on the ingredient fats. Tallow is especially high in stearic acid content (as the triglyceride), whereas most fats only contain a few percent. The idealized equation for the formation of sodium stearate from stearin (the triglyceride of stearic acid) follows:[2]

(C17H35CO2)3C3H5 + 3 NaOH → C3H5(OH)3 + 3 C17H35CO2Na

Sodium stearate can also be made by neutralizing stearic acid with sodium hydroxide.[2]

C17H35COOH + NaOH → C17H35COONa + H2O

Safety and environmental considerations

[edit]

Stearate salts, as found in many commercial soaps are of low toxicity, hence their wide use in domestic settings. They do pose some problems for wastewater treatment as they biodegrade relatively slowly and impose a high biological oxygen demand.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Schumann, Klaus; Siekmann, Kurt (2000). "Soaps". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a24_247. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.
  2. ^ a b Snell, Foster Dee (1942). "Soap and Glycerol". Journal of Chemical Education. 19 (4): 172. Bibcode:1942JChEd..19..172S. doi:10.1021/ed019p172.
[edit]
  • Safety Data
  • v
  • t
  • e
Sodium compounds
Inorganic
Halides
  • NaF
  • NaHF2
  • NaCl
  • NaBr
  • NaI
  • NaAt
Chalcogenides
  • NaO3
  • NaO2
  • Na2O
  • Na2O2
  • NaOH
  • NaOD
  • Na2S
  • NaSH
  • Na2Se
  • NaSeH
  • Na2Te
  • NaHTe
  • Na2Po
Pnictogenides
  • Na3N
  • NaN3
  • NaNH2
  • NaN2H3
  • Na3P
  • Na3As
  • Na3Sb
Oxyhalides
  • NaClO
  • NaClO2
  • NaClO3
  • NaClO4
  • NaBrO
  • NaBrO2
  • NaBrO3
  • NaBrO4
  • NaIO
  • NaIO3
  • NaIO4
Oxychalcogenides
  • Na2SO3
  • Na2SO4
  • NaHSO3
  • NaHSO4
  • Na2S2O3
  • Na2S2O4
  • Na2S2O5
  • Na2S2O6
  • Na2S2O7
  • Na2S2O8
  • Na2S4O6
  • Na2SeO3
  • Na2SeO4
  • NaHSeO3
  • Na2TeO3
Oxypnictogenides
  • NaNO2
  • NaNO3
  • Na2N2O2
  • Na2N2O3
  • NaH2PO4
  • NaPO3
  • Na2HPO4
  • NaPO2H2
  • Na2HPO3
  • Na2PO3F
  • Na3PS2O2
  • Na3PO4
  • Na5P3O10
  • Na4P2O7
  • Na2H2P2O7
  • Na3AsO3
  • Na3AsO4
  • Na2HAsO4
  • NaH2AsO4
  • NaSbO3
Metalates
  • NaAlH4
  • NaAlO2
  • Na3AlF6
  • NaAl(SO4)2
  • NaAuCl4
  • Na2TiF6
  • NaBiO3
  • NaCoO2
  • NaMnO4
  • NaReO4
  • NaTcO3
  • NaTcO4
  • NaVO3
  • Na2CrO4
  • Na2Cr2O7
  • Na2Cr3O10
  • Na2[Fe(CO)4]
  • Na2MnO4
  • Na2MoO4
  • Na3IrCl6
  • Na2PtCl6
  • Na2TiO3
  • Na2U2O7
  • Na2WO4
  • Na2Zn(OH)4
  • Na3VO4
  • Na6V10O28
  • Na4Fe(CN)6
  • Na3Fe(CN)6
  • Na3Fe(C2O4)3
  • Na3[Co(NO2)6]
  • Na2PdCl4
Others
  • NaSbF6
  • NaAsF6
  • NaBH4
  • NaBH3(CN)
  • NaBO2
  • Na2B4O7
  • Na2B2O9
  • Na2B8O13
  • NaCN
  • NaCNO
  • NaH
  • NaHCO3
  • Na4XeO6
  • NaHXeO4
  • NaOCN
  • NaSCN
  • Na2CO3
  • Na2C2O4
  • Na2C3S5
  • Na2GeO3
  • Na2He
  • Na2xSi3yO2y+x (Na2SiO3
  • Na6Si2O7
  • Na4SiO4)
  • Na2SiF6
  • NaNSi2(CH3)6
Organic
  • CH3ONa
  • C2H5ONa
  • HCOONa
  • C2H5COONa
  • C3H7COONa
  • Na2C4H4O6
  • C4H5NaO6
  • NaCH3COO
  • NaC6H5CO2
  • NaC6H4(OH)CO2
  • NaC12H23O2
  • NaC10H8
  • Na2[Fe[CN5]NO]
  • C6H16AlNaO4
  • NaC6H7O6
  • C5H8NO4Na
  • C6H5Na
  • C4H9Na
  • NaC5H5
  • C15H31COONa
  • C17H33COONa
  • C18H35O2Na
  • C164H256O68S2Na2
  • v
  • t
  • e
Salts and covalent derivatives of the stearate ion
HCH3(CH2)16CO2 He
LiCH3(CH2)16CO2 Be(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 B(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 C NH4CH3(CH2)16CO2, -O- F Ne
NaCH3(CH2)16CO2 Mg(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Al(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Si(CH3(CH2)16CO2)4 P(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 S Cl Ar
KCH3(CH2)16CO2 Ca(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Sc(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Ti V Cr(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Mn Fe(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2Fe(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Co(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Ni(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Cu(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Zn(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Ga(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Ge As(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Se Br Kr
RbCH3(CH2)16CO2 Sr(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Y(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Zr(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 AgCH3(CH2)16CO2 Cd(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 In(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Sn Sb(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Te I Xe
CsCH3(CH2)16CO2 Ba(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 * Lu(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt AuCH3(CH2)16CO2 Hg2(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2, Hg(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 TlCH3(CH2)16CO2 Pb(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Bi(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Po At Rn
Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
 
* La(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Ce(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Pr Nd Pm Sm(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Eu(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Gd(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Tb Dy(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Ho(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Er Tm Yb(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3
** Ac(CH3(CH2)16CO2)3 Th(CH3(CH2)16CO2)4 Pa UO2(CH3(CH2)16CO2)2 Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sodium_stearate&oldid=1317577997" Categories:
  • Organic sodium salts
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  • Soaps
  • Anionic surfactants
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