[Solved] IUPAC Name Of HOOC-CH2-CH2-CHO Is:

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Question

1. Butanal-4-oic acid
2. Formyl propanoic acid
3. 4-carboxy propanal
4. Formyl butanoic acid

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Detailed Solution

Explanation -

• All IUPAC naming processes must be explicit during the process of designating a compound.
• The longest chain must be counted (parent chain).
  • If there is only one carbon present, naming will begin with Meth, if there are two carbons present, naming will begin with Eth, if there are three carbons present, naming will begin with Propane, and so on.
• When some functional groups are given priority, the suffix used in naming is different from when that functional group is utilized as a substitute for another functional group that has to be prioritized.
• For example, when aldehyde is given preference, the suffix is “al”, yet when it is utilized as a substituent, the prefix is 'formyl'.
• The suffix 'oicacid' will be used in the naming of a carboxylic acid.
• We will follow the given below priority series -

-COOH, -SO3H, -COOR, -COCL, -CONH2, -CN, -CHO, -C=O, -OH

• As carboxylic acid is given priority first, the substance will be called a carboxylic acid and the suffix 'oicacid' will be used.
• The 'formyl' will be used as a prefix as aldehyde is not being given priority.
• As a result, the carboxylic acid functional group will take precedence in the given molecule, while aldehyde will be viewed as a substituent.
• The counting will begin at the carbon of the carboxylic acid.
• The carbon atom for the carboxylic group will not be considered in counting hence the name 'propane' will be used (3 carbon atoms other than the one of the carboxylic group)

As a result, the name will be Formyl propanoic acid.

​Additional Information

• Although “formyl” is the most common prefix for aldehyde, “oxo” can also be used in rare circumstances.
• In addition, the prefix "oxo" is used for ketone.
• As a result, there should be no ambiguity when utilizing the term "oxo."

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