Symbols And Names For Common Polyatomic Ions

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Symbols and Names of Some Common Polyatomic Ions and One Molecule

NH4+

ammonium ion

OH-

hydroxide ion

CN-

cyanide ion

SO42-

sulfate ion

O22-

peroxide ion

CNO-

cyanate ion

HSO4-

hydrogen sulfate ion

C2H3O2-

acetate ion

SCN-

thiocyanate ion

SO32-

sulfite ion

ClO4-

perchlorate ion

CO32-

carbonate ion

NO3-

nitrate ion

ClO3-

chlorate ion

HCO3-

hydrogen carbonate

NO2-

nitrite ion

ClO2-

chlorite ion

C2O42-

oxalate ion

PO43-

phosphate ion

ClO-

hypochlorite ion

S2O32-

thiosulfate ion

HPO42-

hydrogen phosphate

CrO42-

chromate ion

Hg22+

mercury(I) ion

H2PO4-

dihydrogen phosphate

Cr2O72-

dichromate ion

H3O+

hydronium ion

PO33-

phosphite ion

MnO4-

permanganate ion

NH3

ammonia

Formulas and Names for Some Common Acids (all names should have acid added)

H2SO4

sulfuric

H3PO4

phosphoric

HNO3

nitric

HC2H3O2

acetic

HCl

hydrochloric

HBr

hydrobromic

HClO3

chloric

HClO2

chlorous

HBrO3

bromic

Oxidation States For Metals (Cations) and Non-metals (Anions) In Compounds
Group Oxidation States for Metal Cations Group Oxidation States for Non-metal Anions
IA Always +1 (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) IVA Always -4 (C4-) as an anion
IIA Always +2 (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) VA Always -3 (N3-, P3-) as an anion
IIIB Always +3 (Sc, Y, La) VIA Always -2 (O2-, S2-, Se2-, Te2-) as an anion
IVB- VIIIB Commonly +2 and +3 (e.g., Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) VIIA Always -1 (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) as an anion
IB Cu (+1, +2); Ag (+1); Au (+1, +3) hydrogen Always -1 (H-) as anion; but +1 otherwise
IIB Zn and Cd (+2); Hg (+1, +2)
IIIA Al and Ga (+3); In and Tl (+1, +3)
IVA Sn and Pb (+2, +4)
VA Bi (+3, +5)

Note: this list contains commonly-found oxidation states. Oxidation states not shown exist, but they are less-frequently encountered and therefore not "common." Other oxidation states are commonly encountered for metals in polyatomic ions, where the metal is not the cation of a compound. When naming compounds, the oxidation state of the metal cation is given only if the metal has more than one common oxidation state (e.g., Iron(III) or Iron(II) in the name).

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