The Reaction Is NH3(g)+HCl(g) => NH4Cl(s). The Question ... - Wyzant

Subject ZIP Search Search Find an Online Tutor Now Ask Ask a Question For Free Login Chemistry The reaction is NH3(g)+HCl(g) => NH4Cl(s). The question is "Calculate how many grams of HCl and NH3 you need to make 25.0 grams of salmiak." Follow • 1 Add comment More Report

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When you approach questions like these you need to think about what you know and what you don't know.

You Know

You have 25.0 grams of NH4CL

You Don't Know

How many grams of NH3

How many grams of HCl

You Can Figure Out

Whether or not the equation is balanced

The Molar Mass of NH4Cl

The Molar Mass of NH3

The Molar Mass of HCL

You will need to determine the Molar Masses of the 3 chemicals. Use a periodic table.

EX: H2O, H has a mass of about 1 (There will be 2), O has a mass of about 16. The total mass would be M = (1x2) + (16x1) = about 18 grams/mole

You may need to use more significant figures in your answer but this is a good ballpark.

Next you will need to determine the number of moles of NH4Cl you have. Divide the grams you have by the molar mass in order to cancel out the grams and leave moles.

EX: If you have 20 grams of H2O you would have 20 grams / 18 grams/mole = 1.11 moles of water

Then you can look at the equation and determine how many moles of each reagent you will need.

EX: 2H + O -> H2O

This is a balanced equation so I don't have to change anything

You will need 2 moles of H for every mole of H2O, 1.11 moles x 2 = 2.22 moles of Hydrogen

You will need 1 mole of Oxygen for every mole of H2O, 1.11 moles x 1 = 1.11 moles of Oxygen

The last thing you need to do is convert the moles to grams by using their molar mass

EX: 2.22 moles of Hydrogen, 2.22 moles x (1 gram / mole) = 2.22 grams of Hydrogen

EX: 1.11 moles of Oxygen, 1.11 moles x (16 grams / mole) = 17.76 grams of Oxygen

This sounds about right and when I add the two masses together I get about 19.98 grams

This is a little less than the 20 grams I should get (because mass can not be destroyed) but it can be explained by the number of significant figures I didn't use.

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12/14/21

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12/15/21

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