Tiếng Gọi Thanh Niên - Wikipedia

Original version

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The anthem was originally named La Marche des Étudiants (March of the Students), composed by Lưu Hữu Phước and written by Mai Văn Bộ [vi] in late 1939, and first adopted by a student club. In 1941, it became the anthem of the Indochina Students General Association, Phước renamed the anthem as Tiếng gọi thanh niên (Call to the Youths), the lyrics was rewritten in Vietnamese and divided into three verses. The first verse was written by Lưu Hữu Phước and Mai Văn Bộ in 1941, and secretly spread until 1945, the second verse (Tiếng gọi sinh viên, Call to the Students) was written by Lê Khắc Thiền and Đặng Ngọc Tốt in late 1941, and published in 1943, the third verse was written by Hoàng Mai Lưu on April 4, 1945, and published before the August Revolution. In 1945 it became the anthem of the Vanguard Youth, the lyrics were slightly modified and known as Tiếng gọi thanh niên or Thanh niên hành khúc.

Thanh niên hành khúc (1948–1956) and Tiếng gọi công dân (1956–1975)

edit This article is about the national anthem of South Vietnam. For the national anthem of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam, see Giải phóng miền Nam. For the national anthem of Vietnam, see Tiến Quân Ca.

In 1948, the Provisional Central Government of Vietnam adopted the song as its national anthem. The song was later modified, changing its name to Tiếng gọi công dân (Call to the Citizens) or Công dân hành khúc (March of the Citizens), and became the official national anthem of South Vietnam.[2] Thanh niên hành khúc was first adopted as the national anthem by the Provisional Central Government of Vietnam (1948–1949) on 14 June 1948, and it was inherited as a national anthem by the State of Vietnam (1949–1955) and the Republic of Vietnam (1955–1975). The lyrics of Thanh niên hành khúc were revised by former President Ngo Dinh Diem in 1956.

The composer Lưu Hữu Phước opposed South Vietnam's use of the song and in 1949 he wrote a letter in protest; later the Voice of Vietnam sporadically broadcast Lưu Hữu Phước's criticisms.[3]

After the war (1975–present)

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After 1975, the original version and name (Tiếng gọi thanh niên) of the song was performed as the official version in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Anti-communist refugees and expatriates continued to use the revised version and dubbed it as "Anthem of Free Vietnam".