Tổng Hợp Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh Lớp 9

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9th grade synthesized English grammar Appendix Part Content Page I Tense - Các thì II Conditional sentences - Câu điều kiện III Wish - Câu ước IV Passive Voice - Câu Bị Động V Reported Speech - Câu Trực Tiếp - Gián Tiếp VI Tag Question - Câu hỏi đuôi VII Relative Clauses - Mệnh Đề Quan Hệ VIII Comparison - Câu so sánh IX Article - Mạo từ X Quantifiers – Định lượng từ XI Enough, Too, So, Such XII Structures to V, V_ing – Cấu trúc to V, V_ing XIII Clauses and Phases - Mệnh đề và Cụm từ I. WISH – Clauses & IF ONLY – Clauses (Mệnh đề ước) II. PHRASES / CLAUSES OF PURPOSE (Cụm từ/ Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích): III. PHRASES / CLAUSES OF RESULT (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả) IV. PHRASES/ CLAUSES OF REASON (Cụm từ / Mệnh đề chỉ lý do) V. PHRASES / CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Mệnh đề / Cụm từ chỉ sự nhượng bộ) VI. AS IF/ AS THOUGH/ IT’S (HIGH)TIME / WOULD RATHER XIV So, Too, Neither, Either XVI Conjunctions - Liên Từ Microsoft English grammar grade 9 1 9th grade synthesized English grammar English grammar grade 9 I. Tense - Thì tiếng anh 1. Thì hiện tại đơn - simple present tense a. Công thức - Với động từ thường Khẳng định : S + Vs/es … Phủ định : S+ do/does + not + V… Nghi vấn : Do/does + S + V…? - Với động từ tobe Khẳng định : S+ am/ is/ are + o Phủ định : S + am/ is/ are + not + o Nghi vấn : Am/ is/ are + s + o Lưu ý : Ta thêm "Es" Sau các động từ tận cùng là: o, s, x, ch, sh. b. Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Always, usually, often, sometimes , generally, seldom, etc., (a fact, habit, or repeated action), every time, as a rule, every day (every other day), once (a month), once in a while,… c. Cách dùng: 1. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả một chân lý , một sự thật hiển nhiên. Ex: The sun ries in the East. 2. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 thói quen , một hành động xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện tại. Ex: Mary often goes to school by bicycle. 3. Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả năng lực của con người : Ex : He plays badminton very well 4. Thì hiện tại đơn còn diễn tả một kế hoạch sắp xếp trước trong tương lai hoặc thời khoá biểu , đặc biệt dùng với các động từ di chuyển. 2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn - present progressive a. Công thức: Khẳng định : S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing … Phủ định : S+ be + not + V_ing … Nghi vấn : Be + s+ V_ing … b. Cách dùng: 1. Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra ở thời điểm đang nói. Ex: I am reading. ( Tôi đang đọc) 2. Một hành động xảy ra có tính chất tạm thời. Ex: She is working (cô ấy đang làm việc) 3. Một hành động lúc nào cũng xảy ra liên tục. (thường có thêm usually, always... trong câu). Ex: I am usually thinking of you (tôi thường nghĩ về bạn). a. Chỉ một việc đang xảy ra ngay lúc nói chuyện/hiện hành. Ex: I am reading an English book now. b. Chỉ việc xảy ra trong tương lai (khi có trạng từ chỉ tương lai). Ex: I am going to call on Mr. John tom / I am meeting her at the cinema tonight. Những động từ không chia ở HTTD - know -understand - keep - be - see - hear - hope - wish - smell - seem - need - consider - expect - sound - agree - taste - have to - notice - enjoy - feel ..... - look - love/ like - start - want -begin - prefer - finish - fall - stop - wonder English grammar grade 9 2 9th grade synthesized English grammar c. Từ nhận biết: Right now , at the moment , at present , now , shhh! , listen! , look! , this semester . At the time = at this time = at present (hiện nay) - at the present - do you hear? - keep silent ! = Be quiet! - pay attention to ! - don’t make noise: - today - hurry up! - still - don’t talk in class - where + be + s ? ........... 3. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành - present perfect a. Công thức: Khẳng định : S + have/ has + past participle (V3 ) Phủ định : S + have/ has + not+ past participle (V3 ) Nghi vấn : Have/ has +S+ past participle (V3 ) * Lưu ý : I, THEY ,WE, YOU + HAVE + (V3 ) SHE, HE, IT + HAS + (V3 ) b. Cách dùng: - Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra hoặc chưa bao giờ xảy ra ở 1 thời gian không xác định trong quá khứ. - Thì hiện tại hoàn thành cũng được dùng với since và for. - Since + mốc thời gian (1995, I was young, this morning etc.) Khi người nói dùng since, người nghe phải tính thời gian là bao lâu. - For + khoảng thời gian (từ lúc đầu tới bây giờ) Khi người nói dùng for, người nói phải tính thời gian là bao lâu. - Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, vẫn kéo dài đến hiện tại (có thể đến tương lai). - Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không đề cập đến thời gian cụ thể. - Diễn tả hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong qk nhưng không đề cập đến thời gian. - Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ còn hậu quả ở hiện tại. c. Từ nhận biết: Never, ever, in the last fifty years, this semester (summer,year…) , since, for, so far, up to now, up until , just, now, up to the present, yet, recently, lately, in recent years, many times, once, twice, and in his/her whole life, Already, the first time, the second times, the third times… Chú ý: s + have/ has + never/ever/ already /just… + (V3 ) 4. Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Present Perfect Continuous): a. Công thức Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O Phủ định : S + have/ has + not + been + V_ing + O Nghi vấn : Have/ has + S + been + V_ing + O? b. Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far. c. Cách dùng: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể tới tương lai). 5. Thì quá khứ đơn - past simple a. Công thức: - Với động từ thường Khẳng định : S + V2/ed … Phủ định : S + did+ not + V… Nghi vấn : Did + S + V…? - Với tobe English grammar grade 9 3 9th grade synthesized English grammar Khẳng định : S + was/were … Phủ định : S+ was/ were + not … Nghi vấn : Was/were + S … ? b. Cách dùng : Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt tại một thời điểm hoặc thời gian xác định trong quá khứ c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Yesterday, ago, last (night, week, month, year..), from… to . - In + năm trong quá khứ (vd: in 1995, 1999), in the old days * Chú ý : Chủ từ + động từ quá khứ When + thì quá khứ đơn (simple past) When+ hành động thứ nhất 6. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn - past progessive a. Công thức Khẳng định : S + was/were + V_ing … Phủ định : S + wasn’t/weren’t+ V-ing … Nghi vấn : Was/were + s+ V-ing …? Lưu ý: I, THEY, WE , YOU + WERE + V-ing SHE, HE, IT + WAS + V-ing Chủ ngữ + were/was + động từ thêm -ing While + thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (past progressive) b. Cách sử dụng 1. Diễn tả hành động đang sảy ra tại thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ Ex: What were you doing at 8.00 last night ? I was watching television . 2. Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra thì bị hành động khác xen vào trong quá khứ Ex: While I was having a bath, the phone rang . 3. Diễn tả hai hành động đang diễn ra cùng một lúc Ex: I was learning my lesson while my parents were watching TV at 8.30 last night. c. Các từ nhận biết: - At that moment ( vào lúc đó) - At that time ( vào lúc đó) - At this time yesterday ( vào lúc này hôm qua) - At this time last night ( vào lúc này tối hôm qua) - At 4 (5, 6 …) o'clock yesterday ( vào lúc 4 (5, 6…) giờ hôm qua.) - All day yesterday ( suốt ngày hôm qua) - All last week = during last week (trong suốt tuần) + thời gian ở quá khứ - The whole of….(toàn bộ) + thời gian ở quá khứ 7. Thì Quá Khứ HOÀN THÀNH - (Past perfect) a. Công thức Khẳng định : S + had + V3/ed … Phủ định : S + had + not +V3/ed … Nghi vấn : Had + S + V3/ed …. ? b. Cách sử dụng - Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác hoặc thời điểm khác trong quá khứ. - Chúng ta thường sử dụng các từ nối như before, after, just, when, as soon as, by the time, until,… Ex: After I had cleaned the room, my mom called (Sau khi tôi dọn xong phòng thì mẹ gọi) - Hành động xảy ra như là điều kiện tiên quyết cho hành động khác English grammar grade 9 4 9th grade synthesized English grammar Ex: I had had a girl friend and would marriage to her (Tôi có một người bạn gái và tôi sẽ cưới cô ấy) 8. Thì tương lai - simple future a. Công thức Khẳng định : S + shall/ will + V_inf V_inf = V_infinitive : Verb nguyên thể Phủ định : S + shall/ will + not+ V_inf … Nghi vấn : Shall/ will + s + V_inf …? b. Cách sử dụng: - Diễn tả hđ sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai - Diễn tả hđ quyết định nay lúc nói - Lưu ý: Không sử dụng Will, Shall sau before, after, when, while, as soon as, until, if. c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết - Tomorrow (ngày mai), next (week, month, year..), someday (một ngày nào đó) - In the future, soon (chẳng bao lâu nữa), tonight, in a few day’s time - In a week, in a minute, in + năm chưa tới Before After By the time S + WILL + V(inf) + when + S + V(s,es) as soon as until 9. Thì tương lai gần – near future a. Công thức : Am/is/are + going to +v b. Từ để nhận dạng : This____, tonight, tomorrow, next__, in__,... c. Cách dùng: - Khi đoán (predict, guess), dùng will hoặc be going to. - Khi chỉ dự định trước, dùng be going to không được dùng will. - Chủ từ + am (is/are) going to + động từ (ở hiện tại: Simple form) - Khi diễn tả sự tình nguyện hoặc sự sẵn sàng, dùng will không được dùng be going to. - Chủ từ + will + động từ (ở hiện tại: Simple form) 10. TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN: (FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE) a. Form (Công thức) : S + will be + V_ing b. Dấu hiệu nhận biết - While, tomorrow, next (week, month, year..), someday (một ngày nào đó) - In the future, soon (chẳng bao lâu nữa), tonight, in a few day’s time - In a week, in a minute, in + năm chưa tới 11. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE: ( tương lai hoàn thành) a. Form (Công thức): S + will have + V3/ed b. Dấu hiệu nhận biết: Before, after, by the time, by + một điểm thời gian ở tương lai 12. Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Present Perfect Continuous): a. Công thức Khẳng định : S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O Phủ định : S + have/ has + not + been + V_ing + O Nghi vấn : Have/ has + S + been + V_ing + O? b. Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far. c. Cách dùng: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của 1 hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể tới tương lai). English grammar grade 9 5 9th grade synthesized English grammar EXERCISE 1: Use the correct form of verbs in brackets. 1. In all the world, there (be) __________ only 14 mountains that (reach) __________above 8,000 meters. 2. He sometimes (come) __________ to see his parents. 3. When I (come) __________, she (leave) __________for Dalat ten minutes ago. 4. My grandfather never (fly) __________ in an airplane, and he has no intention of ever doing so. 5. We just (decide) __________ that we (undertake) ____________ the job. 6. He told me that he (take) __________ a trip to California the following week. 7. I knew that this road (be) __________ too narrow. 8. Right now I (attend) __________ class. Yesterday at this time I (attend) __________class. 9. Tomorrow I’m going to leave for home. When I (arrive) __________at the airport, Mary (wait) __________ for me. 10. Margaret was born in 1950. By last year, she (live) __________on this earth for 55 years . 11. The traffic was very heavy. By the time I (get) __________to Mary’s party, everyone already (arrive) __________ 12. I will graduate in June. I (see) __________ you in July. By the time I (see) __________ you , I (graduate) __________. 13. I (visit) __________ my uncle’s home regularly when I (be) __________ a child. 14. That book (be) __________ on the table for weeks. You (not read) __________ it yet ? 15. David (wash) __________ his hands. He just (repair) __________ the TV set. 16. You (be) __________here before? Yes, I (spend) __________ my holidays here last year. 17. We never (meet) __________ him. We don’t know what he (look) __________ like. 18. The car (be) __________ ready for him by the time he (come) __________tomorrow. 19. On arriving at home I (find) __________that she just (leave) __________a few minutes before. 20. When we (arrive) __________ in London tonight, it probably (rain) __________. 21. It (rain) __________ hard. We can’t do anything until it (stop) __________ 22. Last night we (watch) __________TV when the power (fail) __________. 23. That evening we (stay) __________up to talk about the town where he (live) __________for some years. 24. I (sit) __________down for a rest while the shoes (repair) __________. 25. Half way to the office Paul (turn) __________round and (go) __________back home because he (forget) __________to turn the gas off. 26. London (change) __________a lot since we first (come) __________ to live here. 27. While we (talk) __________on the phone the children (start) __________fighting and (break) __________a window 28. He used to talk to us for hours about all the interesting things he (do) __________ in his life. 29. You know she (stand) __________looking at that picture for the last twenty minutes. 30. I (spend) __________ a lot of time travelling since I (get) __________this new job. 31. When we (be) __________ at school we all (study) __________Latin. 32. When I (meet) __________ him , he (work) __________as a waiter for a year. 33. After he (finish) __________ breakfast he (sit) __________down to write some letters. 34. She (have) __________a hard life, but she’s always smiling. 35. I think Jim (be) __________ out of town. EXERCISE 2: Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D. 1. When I last saw him, he _____ in London. A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living 2. We _______ Dorothy since last Saturday. A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen 3. The train ______ half an hour ago. English grammar grade 9 6 9th grade synthesized English grammar A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left 4. Jack ______ the door. A. has just painted B. paint C. will have painted D. painting 5. My sister ________ for you since yesterday. A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked 6. I ______ Texas State University now. A. am attending B. attend C. was attending D. attended 7. He has been selling motorbikes ________. A. ten years ago B. since ten years C. for ten years ago D. for ten years 8. Christopher Columbus _______ American more than 500 years ago. A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering 9. He fell down when he ______ towards the church. A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run 10. We _______ there when our father died. A. still lived B. lived still C. was still lived D. was still living 11. They ______ table tennis when their father comes back home. A. will play B. will be playing C. play D. would play 12. By Christmas, I _______ for Mr. Smith for six years. A. will have been working B. will work C. have been working D. will be working 13. I _______ in the room right now. A. am being B. was being C. have been being D. am 14. I ______ to New York three times this year. A. have been B. was C. were D. had been 15. I’ll come and see you before I _______ for the States. A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave 16. The little girl asked what _______ to her friend. A. has happened B. happened C. had happened D. would have been happened 17. John ______ a book when I saw him. A. is reading B. read C. was reading D. reading 18. He said he _______ return later. A. will B. would C. can D. would be 19. Jack ________ the door. A. has just opened B. open C. have opened D. opening 20. I have been waiting for you ______ . A. since early morning B. since 9 a.m C. for two hours D. All are correct 21. Almost everyone _______ for home by the time we arrived. A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left 22. By the age of 25, he ______ two famous novels. A. wrote B. writes C. has written D. had written 23. When her husband was in the army, Mary ______ to him twice a week. A. was reading B. wrote C. was written D. had written 24. I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower ______ a few days previously. A. broke down B. has been broken C. had broken down D. breaks down 25. I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I _____ to play. A. try B. tried C. have tried D. am trying English grammar grade 9 7 9th grade synthesized English grammar 26. Since _______, I have heard nothing from him. A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left 27. After I _______ lunch, I looked for my bag. A. had B. had had C. have has D. have had 28. By the end of next year, George _______ English for two years. A. will have learned B. will learn C. has learned D. would learn 29. The man got out of the car, ________ round to the back and opened the book. A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk 30. Henry _______ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner. A. was going B. went C. has gone D. did go 31. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ______ dinner. A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. finishing 32. I will be glad if he _______ with us. A. had gone B. did go C. went D. goes 33 Ask her to come and see me when she _______ her work. A. finish B. has finished C. finished D. finishing 34. Turn off the gas. Don’t you see that the kettle ________? A. boil B. boils C. is boiling D. boiled 35. Tom and Mary ______ for Vietnam tomorrow. A. leave B. are leaving C. leaving D. are left 36. He always ________ for a walk in the evening. A. go B. is going C. goes D. going 37. Her brother ______ in Canada at present. A. working B. works C. is working D. work 38. I ______ to the same barber since last year. A. am going B. have been going C. go D. had gone 39. Her father ______ when she was a small girl. A. dies B. died C. has died D. had died 40. Last week, my professor promised that he ________ today. A. would come B. will come C. comes D. coming EXERCISE 3: Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting. 1. After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner. A B C D 2. Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down. A B C D 3. Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it. A B C D 4. Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a new one. A B C D 5. Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal. A B C D 6. When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I delete it all. A B C D 7. They are going to have to leave soon and so do we. A B C D 8. The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise. A B C D 9. The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it. English grammar grade 9 8 9th grade synthesized English grammar A B C D 10. Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years A B C D 11. I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer. A B C D 12. When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently. A B C D 13. I think it’s time you change your way of living. A B C D 14. Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there. A B C D 15. When I’m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years. A B C D 16. The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant. A B C D 17. Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now. A B C D 18. Some people are believing there is life on other planets. A B C D 19. The island of Hawaii had been the subject of intensive research on the occurrence of earthquakes. A B C D 20. Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up. A B C D 21. The man died as a result of falling asleep while he drives. A B C D 22. I haven’t finished the report yet, but by the time you return I will certainly complete it. A B C D 23. Caroline has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it. A B C D 24. We’ll be cycled to Hoa’s village at this time next Sunday. A B C D 25. What will you do when your friends won’t come ? A B C D 26. Someone was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up. A B C D 27. My friend didn’t drink any beer since we came to live here. A B C D 28. We have written to each other when we were in primary school. A B C D 29. After breakfast, I‘m gone to walk to school with my friends. A B C D 30. Did he go to the pop concert next weekend for a change? A B C D EXERCISE 4: Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one. 1. Eight years ago we started writing to each other. A. We have rarely written to each other for eight years. English grammar grade 9 9 9th grade synthesized English grammar B. Eight years is a long time for us to write to each other. C. We wrote to each other eight years ago. D. We have been writing to each other for eight years. 2. The boy was so lazy that he couldn’t stay up late to learn his lessons. A. The boy was lazy enough not to stay up late to learn his lessons. B. The boy was too lazy to stay up late to learn his lessons. C. The boy was lazy enough but he stayed up late to learn his lessons. D. The boy was lazy enough to stay up late to learn his lessons. 3. My father is tired of seeing any violent films. A. My father hasn’t seen a violent film. B. My father has enjoyed all the violent films he has ever seen. C. My father is worried about missing the next violent film. D. My father never wants to see another violent film. 4. As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away. A. He saw her turn away and he waved his hand. B. No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away. C. She turned away because he waved his hand too early. D. Although she turned away, he waved his hand. 5. John wishes he had remembered to send Mary a Christmas card. A. John regrets not to send Mary a Christmas card. B. John regrets forgetting not to send Mary a Christmas card. C. John regrets not remembering sending Mary a Christmas card. D. John regrets forgetting to send Mary a Christmas card. 6. My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month. A. It’s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes. B. It’s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes. C. It’s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes. D. It’s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago. 7. Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. A. The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work. B. Having their work finishing, the workers expected to be paid. C. Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work. D. Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid. 8. Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago. A. Mr. Brown started to buy this car for five years. B. It has been five years when Mr. Brown has bought this car. C. Mr. Brown has had this car for five years . D. It is five years ago since Mr. Brown has bought this car. 9. John used to write home once a week when he was abroad. A. John doesn’t write home once a week any longer. B. John enjoyed being written home every week when he was abroad. C. John never forgot to write a weekly letter home when he was abroad. D. When he was abroad he remembered to write home every week. 10. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years. A. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much. B. It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much. English grammar grade 9 10 This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

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