Unit 10 Lớp 10 Reading - Bài Dịch Conservation - HOC247

Read the passage below carefully, and then choose the best answer:

Conservation conflicts arise when natural-resource shortages develop in the face of steadily increasing demands from a growing human population. Controversy frequently surrounds how a resource should be used, or allocated, and for whom. For example, a river may supply water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for unrestricted access to this river, but such freedom could destroy the resource, and conservation methods are necessary to protect the river for future use.

Conflicts worsen when a natural resource crosses political boundaries. For example, the headwaters, or source, of a major river may be located in a different country than the country through which the river flows. There is no guarantee that the river source will be protected to accommodate resource needs downstream. In addition, the way in which one natural resource is managed has a direct effect upon other natural resources. Cutting down a forest near a river, for instance, increases erosion, the wearing away of topsoil, and can lead to flooding. Eroded soil and silt cloud the river and adversely affect many organisms such as fish and important aquatic plants that require clean, clear freshwater for survival.

New vocabulary:

- controversy (n.): sự tranh luận, sự tranh cãi

- to allocate (v.): chỉ định; cấp cho; phân phối

- to vie (v.): ganh đua, thi đua

- headwater (n.): thượng nguồn, thượng lưư; (pl.) nước nguồn

- silt (n.): bùn, phù sa; (adj.): đầy bùn

- adverse (adj.): đối nghịch; bất lợi

1/ What does “arise” in line 1 mean?

A. stand up B. sit up C. get up D. spring up

2/ What does “supply” in line 4 mean?

A. cover B. provide C. make up for D. compensate for

3/ What does “methods” in line 7 mean?

A. plans B. orders C. ways D. structures

4/ Which word in the reading means “a promise that something will be done or will happen, especially a written promise by a company to repair or change a product that develops a fault within a particular period of time”?

A. guarantee B. shortage C. population D. habitat

5/ Which word in the reading means “living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water”?

A. necessary B. major C. fresh D. aquatic

6/ When do conflicts decline?

A. when natural-resource shortages increase in the features of gradually increasing demands from a rising human population

B. when a natural resource crosses political borders

C. when freedom could destroy the resource

D. when eroded soil and silt cloud affect many organisms

7/ What may bring water to agricultural irrigation?

A. a river B. topsoil C. erosion D. a forest

8/ Which sentence below is not correct?

A. Argument often surrounds how a source should be used, or allocated, and for whom.

B. A river may provide water for agricultural irrigation, habitat for fish, and water-generated electricity for a factory.

C. Conservation methods are incidental to care for the river for future use.

D. Farmers, fishers, and industry leaders vie for open access to this river.

9/ Which sentence below is true?

A. Conflicts improve when a natural resource crosses political borders.

B. The source of a main river may be located in the country through which the river flows than a different country.

C. There is assurance that the river source will be confined to provide accommodation for resource needs downstream.

D. The way where one ordinary source is managed has a direct effect upon other ordinary sources.

10/ What is the passage above mainly about?

A. Natural-resource shortages

B. Agricultural irrigation

C. The headwaters of a major river

D. Conservation conflicts

Key

1/ D. spring up ; 2/ B. provide ; 3/ C. ways ; 4/ A. guarantee

5/ D. aquatic ; 6/ B. when a natural resource crosses political borders

7/ A. a river ; 8/ C. Conservation methods are incidental to care for the river for future use.

9/ D. The way where one ordinary source is managed has a direct effect upon other ordinary sources.

10/ D. Conservation conflicts