Virgil Gheorghiu's Literary Activity Reflected In Securitate Archives

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Download Free PDFVirgil Gheorghiu's Literary Activity Reflected in Securitate ArchivesMorariu Iuliu-Mariusvisibility

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Abstract

Using information provided by former Securitate Archives, the author tries in this research to investigate the way how the literary activity of Virgil Gheorghiu, one of the most important writers of Romanian exile from France were presented in the informative notes written by the agents of that institution. Their way of understanding his work and ideas, the errors of their perception but also other aspects are therefore emphasized there. Also, their attitude towards his anti-communist perceptions and the value of his novels is presented there together with their attempts to get closer to him using the Romanian Orthodox Patriarch Justinian Marina, his parents who were living in Neamţ county, other relatives and some of the Securitate agents, in order to convince him to visit Romania. The way how his bad relationships with the other members of the exile have influenced his image is also a topic developed in this research.

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Key takeaways

AI

1. Virgil Gheorghiu's literary work was closely monitored by the Securitate from 1950 to 1989.
2. His novel '25 Hour' sold approximately 100,000 copies, denouncing communism and gaining international recognition.
3. Gheorghiu faced significant ostracism from Romanian exiles due to conflicts with influential figures like Monica Lovinescu.
4. Securitate agents often misrepresented his work, reflecting their inadequate understanding of literature and cultural context.
5. Despite systemic criticism, Gheorghiu's talent was recognized, prompting attempts by authorities to reconnect him with Romania.

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References (21)

1. Gheorghiu -Monica Lovinescu, without page, but also: Iuliu-Marius Morariu, "Omul din spatele Orei 25. Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu în dosarele Securităţii," in Sargetia -Acta Musei Devensis, New Series nr. VIII (XLIV) (2017), 2017, p. 373-381.
2. 9 Monica Lovinescu, La apa Vavilonului (At Babilyon river), Bucharest, Ed. Humanitas, 1999, p. 65.
3. Cf. Virgil Ierunca, Trecut-au anii... Fragmente de jurnal. Întâmplări şi accidente. Scrisori nepierdute, Bucharest, Ed. Humanitas, 2000, p. 338-339.
4. Because, during the conflagration he activated also as a war reporter, writing a few books about his experience there: Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu, Ard malurile Nistrului, Bucharest, Ed. Geea, 1993; Idem, Reportaje de război, Făgăraş, Ed. Agaton, 2008.
5. For more information about this topic, see: Constantin Cubleşan, Escale în croazieră (Cruise stops), Cluj-Napoca, Ed. Grinta, 2011; Idem, Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu -aventura unei vieţi literare, Bucharest, Ed. Sophia, 2016.
6. Sanda Stolojan, Nori peste balcoane. Jurnal din exilul parizian, , translated into Romanian by Micaela Slăvescu, Bucharest, Ed. Humanitas, 1996, p. 22-23, p. 104-105;
7. Neagu Djuvara, Amintiri din pribegie (1948-1990), , 10th edition, Bucharest, Ed. Humanitas, 2012, p. 164-167.
8. See, for example: Mircea Eliade Europa, Asia, America... Corespondenţă, , 3rd volume, edited by Mircea Handoca, Bucharest, Ed. Humanitas, 1999, p. 255-257.
9. "25 th Hour has been translated in Anglia, Argentina, U. S. A., West Germany, Holland, Italy and Denmark. As a consequence of the success that he had and of great fortune won, lost his mind." Ibidem, f. 43.
10. "Because of the fact of being unfair since he has been born, he didn't payed anything to Monica Lovinescu for her translation. He had a verz known process with her in Paris. He was forced to paz, he sold the copyrights to more editors in same country, and from there he had trials in Argentina, USA and Denmark. He has also a trial for unrespecting his agreement with his editor Flammarion from Paris." Idem, M. F. I./Neamţ, rola 356, f. 44.
11. Idem, Fond Service of External Information (S. I. E), dossier 4408/2, f. 185.
12. Ibidem, f. 183.
13. For more information about his life, activity and story of his book, see also: V intilă Horea, Memoriile unui fost Săgetător, edited by Cristian Bădiliţă and Silvia Colfescu, Bucharest, Ed. Vremea, 2015; Idem, Scrisori din exil, vol. 1-2, edited by Maria-Pia Castaing, Bucharest, Ed. ,,Memoria", 2011;
14. Pompiliu Crăciunescu, Vintilă Horia -transliteratură şi realitate, Bucharest, Ed. Curtea Veche, 2011;
15. Cristian Bădiliţă, Basarab Nicolescu (eds.) În căutarea ,,Omului total". Moştenirea literară şi spirituală a lui Vintilă Horea, Bucharest, Ed. Vremea, 2016; Cecilia Latiş, Arhitecturi paralele: Marguerite Yourcenar - Vintilă Horia, Suceava, Press of Suceava University, 2003; Gheorghina Adina Lemian, Vintilă Horia -nefericitul fericit, Oradea, Ed. Didactica Militans, 2009; Georgeta Orian, Vintilă Horia -un scriitor contra timpului său, Cluj-Napoca, Ed. Limes, 2008; Idem, Vintilă Horia -privire monografică, Alba-Iulia, Ed. Bălgrad, 2000; Daniel Florin Predoiu, S'initier à l'errance en la racontant: l'exil, l'identité et la mémoire dans les journaux intimes de trois intellectuels roumains, Saarbrücken, Éditions Universitaires Européennes, 2011.
16. ACNSAS, Fond Service of External Information (S. I. E), dossier 4408/2, f. 209-210.
17. Like in this note from 1960:"There are in Belgium and in many countries of Europe books of a Romanian citizen called VIRGIL GHEORGHIU. He has a lot of talent. He is bishop in the Church from Paris. Is far-right orientation from all his ideas. Is press attached to Yugoslavia embassy during the last war. Is taking care of Romanian citizens who are political refugees. He wrote several books where he criticises the Romanian regime. He have received many literary prizes. It is known by many Romanian political refugees and provides them substantial help." Idem, M. F. I./Neamţ, rola 356, f. 125.
18. Idem Fond Informativ, cote I -185086, Dossier Gheorghiu Virgil, f. 6. about him, and mentioned by them. See: ACNSAS, Fond Informativ, cote I -185086, Dossier Gheorghiu Virgil, f. 13.
19. Like: Ovid. S. Crohmălniceanu, Literatura română între cele două războaie mondiale, second volume, Bucharest, Ed. Minerva, Bucureşti, 1974, p. 562-570.
20. Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu, Caligrafie pe zăpadă, Bucharest, Foundation for Literature and Art King Charles the Second, 1940.
21. Through works like: Thierry Gillyboeuf, Virgil Gheorghiu l'écrivain calomnie. Essai, Paris, Editions de la Différence, 2017; Constantin Cubleşan, Escale în croazieră; Idem, Constantin Virgil Gheorghiu - aventura unei vieţi literare; Iuliu-Marius Morariu, ,,Elemente ale spiritualității ortodoxe în opera literară a lui Virgil Gheorghiu," in Symposium -"Cultural Transparency and the Loss of Privacy in the Era of Digital Technology: How Is This Shaping Our Becoming and the Ethical Dilemmas Related to It", Edited by The Romanian Institute of Orthodox Theology and Spirituality from New York, XXIII (2016), p. 63-73; Iuliu-Marius Morariu, ,,Conflictul dintre Virgil Gheorghiu și Monica Lovinescu, reflectat în scrierile lui Mircea Eliade și Neagu Djuvara," " in Doru Sinaci, Emil Arbonie (eds.), Administraţie românească arădeană -studii şi comunicări din Banat -Crişana, Arad. "Vasile Goldiş" Unviersity Press, 2017, p. 575-585; Alexandra Laignel-Lavastine, Cioran, Eliade, Ionesco: L'Oubli du fascisme, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 2002; Florin Ţurcanu, "Un moment roumain a Paris," in Mihai Neamţu, Bogdan Tătaru-Cazaban (eds.), Memory, Humanity and Meaning. selected essays in Honor of Andrei Pleşu's Sixtieth Anniversary offered by New Europe College Alumni&friends, Bucharest, Zeta Books, 2009, p. 515-530.

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FAQs

AI

What insights do Securitate archives provide about Gheorghiu's literary reception?add

Securitate archives reveal that Gheorghiu was closely monitored from 1950-1989 due to his anti-communist sentiments, documented through 16 agents assigned to spy on him.

How did Gheorghiu's conflict with Lovinescu influence his literary standing?add

The conflict led influential figures like Lovinescu and Ierunca to discredit Gheorghiu, which severely affected his publication opportunities within the Romanian exile community.

What criticisms did Gheorghiu face from Romanian intellectuals in exile?add

Critics labelled him as 'legionary' or a 'Nazi,' utilizing claims from progressive newspapers that misrepresented his war experiences and writings on communism.

What levels of attention did Gheorghiu receive from the Romanian communist regime?add

Despite Gheorghiu’s critique of communism, authorities attempted to engage him through invitations and offers, indicating their recognition of his literary talent.

What characterized the monitoring of Gheorghiu’s publications and activities?add

Agents often lacked the literary knowledge to interpret Gheorghiu's work accurately, yet they documented his publications and critical stance against communism extensively.

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