Cicada - Wiktionary

See also: Cicada and cicadă

English

[edit] WOTD – 12 August 2015

English Wikipedia has an article on:cicadaWikipedia

Wikispecies has information on:Cicadoidea

Alternative forms

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• cicad

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin cicāda, ultimately onomatopoeic. Doublet of cicala.

Pronunciation

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• (UK) IPA(key): /sɪˈkeɪ.də/, /sɪˈkɑː.də/, [sɪˈkʰeɪ̯.də], [sɪˈkʰɑː.də]
• (US) IPA(key): /sɪˈkeɪ.də/, /sɪˈkɑ.də/, [sɪ̈ˈkʰeɪ̯.ɾə], [sɪ̈ˈkʰɑ.ɾə]

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪdə, -ɑːdə

Noun

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cicada (plural cicadas or cicadae or (archaic) cicadæ)

1. Any of several insects in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with small eyes wide apart on the head and transparent well-veined wings.
   • 2012 March-April, Anna Lena Phillips, “Sneaky Silk Moths”, in American Scientist‎[1], volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 19 February 2013, page 172:Last spring, the periodical cicadas emerged across eastern North America. Their vast numbers and short above-ground life spans inspired awe and irritation in humans—and made for good meals for birds and small mammals.
   1. The periodical cicada.
      • 2011, Robert Evans Snodgrass, Insects: Their Ways and Means of Living‎[2], page 217:The emergence years of the principal cicada broods have now been recorded for a long time, and the oldest record of a swarm is that of the appearance of the “locusts” in New England two hundred and ninety-five years ago.
      • 2013 May 16, Laura Kroon, “Magicidada coming to New Jersey on May 27”, in Hunterdon County Democrat:Last year, the Brood I cicadas were found in Virginia, West Virginia, and Tennessee. The cicadas that will emerge in New Jersey this year are part of Brood II or The East Coast Brood. They will also be found in Connecticut, Maryland, North Carolina, New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

Synonyms

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• cicala
• harvest fly
• jarfly (Appalachia)
• lyreman

Hyponyms

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• (periodical cicada): seventeen-year locust, decim periodical cicada

Derived terms

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• bladder cicada
• cicadabird
• cicada case
• cicada-geddon
• cicada hawk
• cicada killer
• dog-day cicada
• evening cicada
• hairy cicada
• periodical cicada
• resh cicada
• swamp cicada

Translations

[edit] any of several insects of the order Hemiptera

Afrikaans: sonbesie Ainu: ヤキ (yaki) Albanian: gjinkallë (sq) f Arabic: زِيز m (zīz) Armenian: կնճիթավոր ճպուռ (knčitʻavor čpuṙ), ցիկադա (cʻikada) Old Armenian: ճպուռն (čpuṙn) Assamese: জিলী (zili) Belarusian: цыка́да f (cykáda) Bengali: উচ্চিংড়ে (bn) (ucciṅṛe) Bulgarian: цикада f (cikada), жътвар m (žǎtvar) Burmese: ပုစဉ်းရင်ကွဲ (my) (pu.cany:rangkwai:) Catalan: cigala (ca) f Cebuano: gangis Chepang: लीर् Cherokee: ᎶᎶ (lolo) Chinese: Mandarin: 蟬 / 蝉 (zh) (chán), 知了 (zh) (zhīliǎo) Czech: cikáda f Danish: cikade Dutch: cicade (nl) f Esperanto: cikado Estonian: tirt, tsikaad Finnish: laulukaskas (fi) French: cigale (fr) f Friulian: ciale f Galician: carricanta f, cantaruxa f, chicharra f, cantariña (gl) f Georgian: please add this translation if you can German: Zikade (de) f Greek: τζιτζίκι (el) n (tzitzíki) Ancient Greek: τέττιξ m (téttix) Guarani: Paraguayan Guarani: (please verify) ñakyrã Hindi: शलभ (hi) m (śalabh), सिकाडा (sikāḍā), झींगुर (hi) m (jhīṅgur), झीँगुर (hi) m (jhī̃gur) Hungarian: kabóca (hu) Ilocano: andidit Indonesian: tonggeret (id) Italian: cicala (it) f Japanese: 蝉 (ja) (semi), セミ (ja) (semi) Javanese: tonggèrèt Khmer: រៃ (km) (rɨy) Korean: 매미 (ko) (maemi), 쓰르라미 (ko) (sseureurami) Lao: ຈັກຈັ່ນ (chak chan) Latin: cicāda f Latvian: cikāde f Lithuanian: cikada f Macedonian: цикада f (cikada) Malagasy: jorery (mg) Malay: reriang Malayalam: ചീവീട് (ml) (cīvīṭŭ) Manchu: ᠪᡳᠶᠠᠩᠰᡳᡴᡡ (biyangsikū) Māori: tātarakihi Mirandese: checharra f Mudburra: nirrungarda Navajo: wóóneeshchʼįįdii Norwegian: Bokmål: sikade Occitan: cigala (oc) f Pangasinan: andirit Persian: زنجره (fa) (zanjere) Polish: cykada (pl) f Portuguese: cigarra (pt) f Punjabi: ਬੀਂਡਾ m (bīṇḍā) Romanian: cicadă (ro) f, cicoare (ro) f Russian: цика́да (ru) f (cikáda) Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: цврчак m, цикада f Latin: cvrčak (sh) m, cikada (sh) f Slovak: cikáda (sk) f Slovene: škržat (sl) m Spanish: chicharra (es) f (Latin America), cigarra (es) f (standard use in Mexico and Spain - Southern Mexico: chicharra), coyuyo m (Northwestern Argentina) Swedish: cikada (sv) Tagalog: kulilis, kuliglig Thai: จักจั่น (th) (jàk-gà-jàn) Turkish: ağustos böceği (tr) Ukrainian: цика́да (uk) f (cykáda) Unami: pasalànkè Vietnamese: ve sầu (vi) Volapük: zikad Zhuang: bid

See also

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• cricket
• grasshopper
• locust

Latin

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Etymology

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Unknown. Probably an onomatopoeic loanword from a lost Mediterranean substrate language.[1] Compare also Sanskrit चिश्चिर (ciścira, “cicada”).

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “A cursory search for चिश्चिर (ciścira) returns a result at https://www.learnsanskrit.cc. However, print dictionaries + etymological dictionaries don't seem to mention the Sanskrit word. Is there other corroboration for its existence?”

Pronunciation

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• cicāda:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [kɪˈkaː.da]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [t͡ʃiˈkaː.da]

Noun

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cicāda f (genitive cicādae); first declension

1. cicada, tree-cricket
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgics 3.327–330:Inde, ubi quarta sitim caeli collegerit hora,Et cantu quaerulae rumpent arbusta cicadae,Ad puteos aut alta greges ad stagna jubebocurrentem ilignis potare canalibus undam; […]
     • Translation by James B. Greenough, 1900When heaven's fourth hour draws on the thickening drought,And shrill cicalas pierce the brake with song,Then at the well-springs bid them, or deep pools,From troughs of holm-oak quaff the running wave: […]

Declension

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First-declension noun.

singular	plural
nominative	cicāda	cicādae
genitive	cicādae	cicādārum
dative	cicādae	cicādīs
accusative	cicādam	cicādās
ablative	cicādā	cicādīs
vocative	cicāda	cicādae

Descendants

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• → English: cicada
• → Galician: cicada
• → German: Zikade
• → Macedonian: цикада (cikada)
• → Polish: cykada
• → Romanian: cicadă
• → Russian: цика́да f (cikáda)

Reflexes of the late variant cicāla:

• Balkan Romance:
  • ⇒ Romanian: cicoare
  • → Albanian: qingallë ⇒ gjinkallë
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: cicala
  • Italian: cicala
    • → English: cicala
• North Italian:
  • Emilian: zighèla
  • Friulian: ciale
  • Piedmontese: siala
  • Romagnol: zghêla
  • Venetan: çigala, sigala, sigała
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: cigala
  • Old Occitan: cigala
    • Occitan: cigala
    • → French: cigale
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: zicala
  • Mozarabic: [script needed] (čiqâla)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: chicula

Reflexes of an assumed variant *cicār(r)a:

• Mozarabic:
  • → Galician: chicharra
  • → Portuguese: chicharra
  • → Spanish: chicharra
• Portuguese: cigarra
• Spanish: cigarra

References

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• Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1984), “cigarra”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎[3] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 72

1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 112

Further reading

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• “cicada”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cicada”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "cicada", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cicada”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “cicada”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Romanian

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Noun

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cicada

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of cicadă