IGCSE Physics - Unit 4 Electricity And Magnetism

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Page 2 - Section 1.1 Length and time Page 17 - Section 1.3 Mass and weight Page 33 - Section 1.5 Forces Page 69 - Section 1.7 Energy, work and power Page 76 - Section 1.8 Pressure Page 86 - Section 2.1 Simple kinetic molecular model of matter Page 98 - Section 2.2 Thermal properties and temperature Page 132 - Section 3.2 Light Page 134 - Section 3.2 Light Page 142 - Section 3.2 Light Page 153 - Section 3.3 Sound Page 158 - Section 4.1 Simple phenomena of magnetism Page 170 - Section 4.2 Electrical quantities Page 184 - Section 4.2 Electrical quantities Page 204 - Section 4.4 Digital electronics Page 231 - Section 5.2 Radioactivity Page 245 - Formulae Page 249 - Formulae Unit 4 Electricity and magnetism Notes

Methods of magnetisation

Stroking method A bar of steel can be magnetised by stroking it with a bar magnet. The domains become aligned, and a N pole and a S pole are induced.
Hammering If a steel bar is placed so that it lies in the direction of the magnetic field lines of a strong magnet and then hammered gently, the domains will begin to line up in the direction of the field. As they do, the steel bar itself becomes magnetised. The effect can be increased by slightly heating the steel bar first.
Electrical method A bar of steel or iron can be magnetised by placing it in a coil of wire (solenoid). Passing a d.c. (direct current) through the wire will magnetise the bar.