Chăng - Wiktionary

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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• (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [t͡ɕaŋ˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA(key): [t͡ɕaŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA(key): [caŋ˧˧]

Etymology 1

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The chief negator in earlier stages of Vietnamese up to the fourteenth century.[1]

Adverb

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chăng • (庄, 𠦓, 丕)

1. (archaic) not any, not even
   • 15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “言志 Ngôn chí 1”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集): 盃固蔑念庒女豸道濫昆免道濫碎Bui có một niềm chăng nỡ trại,Đạo làm con miễn đạo làm tôi.I only have this one sentiment: I dare not even neglectMy duty as a child and my duty as a subject.
2. (often in rhetorical questions) is it that; is it; surely
   • 2018 January 18, “Có hoàn cảnh văn chương nào khốc liệt như ở Việt Nam chăng?”, in Tuổi Trẻ Online‎[1]:Có hoàn cảnh văn chương nào khốc liệt như ở Việt Nam chăng?Is there a literary situation as fierce as that in Vietnam?

Derived terms

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• chăng là chẳng

References

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1. ^ 2024, Trang Phan, Tuan-Cuong Nguyen, Masaaki Shimizu, “The Rise of Negative Markers in Vietnamese: Evidence from Primary Nôm Texts”, in Studies in Vietnamese Historical Linguistics, →DOI:Stage 1 (up to thirteenth century): Chăng is used as the standard negative marker. Chăng often co-occurs with the existential verb có. Không is a lexical element meaning ‘space’ or ‘empty’. Stage 2 (up to fourteenth century): Chăng continues to be used as the standard negative marker. Chăng continues to collocate with the existential verb có. Không emerges as a functional element preceding nouns with negative meaning ‘not.have’.

Particle

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chăng

1. (rare) synonym of chăng nữa

Etymology 2

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This is the form that did not undergo lenition.

Verb

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chăng • (張)

1. alternative form of giăng (“to stretch; to spread”) Nhện chăng tơ.A spider is spinning its web.