Đặc điểm Giải Phẫu Mảnh Ghép Bằng Gân Hamstring Tự Thân Trong ...

Bài viết Đặc điểm giải phẫu mảnh ghép bằng gân Hamstring tự thân trong phẫu thuật tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước hai bó trình bày: Nghiên cứu nhằm nhận xét đặc điểm giải phẫu mảnh ghép qua 21 trường hợp bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước hai bó sử dụng gân Hamstring tự thân tại bệnh viện Việt Đức trong thời gian từ tháng 9/2011 đến tháng 8/2012,... Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo.

! "#$%& ' ()$*+,(-.)$/0)12' *)4$3)4 $50)64$% )$

$7 )$18*)$9' *)2' *4 :#

;<"' & +& =<")$>?)2@A6<"' & #?<

56CD)$E)+1F F 21

56CDG5H##$3I4 $JE)+8F F 2



`aNbcdVecfghijckhlcdmifKnokhlcpqd

2'*)4$3)4$50)6#$%)$$7 *)2'*4 :# 56$'()#:J)$s< <t4uGv#G'w< 6'u'I$xJ<u)$6$yI6z)8{)6z)#$EI8|)9C<u)$6$yI6z)#0

4$?)#$EI8|)4}?)6I$xJ4$JE44{'4.?~zD#$s)6#$y?4}5#$"'8€>~‚)66z)7"<>4})64ƒ4$z)B56$'()

#:J)$s< )$E)„y4Gv#G'w< 6'u'I$xJ<u)$6$yI…J"4}5†)6$HI8*)$)$z)G5H#I$xJ4$JE44{'4.?

~zD#$s)6#$y?4}5#$"'8€>~‚)66z)7"<>4})64ƒ4$z)4.'8*)$9'*)2'*4 :#4}?)64$†'6'")4‡4${)6

@F2Gˆ)4${)68F2B4{#<u)$6$yIG5H##3J4}‰#8Š'6z)8{)6z)#$EI~‹)6Gw4{'4.?#$?8€

45#4}?)69C6z)#04$?)#$EI#$?8€>"J)6?C'BŒˆ4…Ju#$?4$3D<u)$6$yI~u'6z)8{)6z)#€

#$'J~C'4}J)687)$&C+Ž1@21#<1G5†)6‘)$4}J)687)$+91’21Ž<<B-u)$6$yI~u'6z)#04$?)#€

#$'J~C'4}J)687)$&C+Ž1Ž21’#<1G5†)6‘)$4}J)687)$&C+’1821Ž<<B4{#<u)$6$yIG.4D(J#“J

4?)6I$xJ4$JE44{'4.?~zD#$s)6#$y?4}5#B

”•d–—˜™šcdgd›œžcgglc—™Ÿ ¡¢cg £ d—cfœd¤h dh¥ ¦¢bo§liqdžcgqd›o ¡¨©q

®¯°±²³¯±´³²³µ¶²³·¸²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³ÂĐʼ

ÔƠƯƯÌỈ²Ĩ±Í²¾Ị¶²Ì¸¶²Î²Ï¯°±²³¯±´³²Ï¯Ð²Ñ¶Ò¾²Ó·³²

ÔÒ³²Ĩ±Õ²³Ö³²¸¾¿²¼¯±»×¾²¾¿Î¾¯²»²¯Ø¼²³¯Ù²³¯Í¸Ú²

Ûܲϯµ³²³Ẫ¾²¼ÝͲϯ°±²³¯±´³²¾Ị¶²Ì¸¶²³µ¶²³·¸²

¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³ÂĐʼ²¯Í¶²ÑÞ²¾¯½ß²Ï¯ă¼²¯â¶²

Í·¶²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³ÂĐʼ²³¯đ¸²¿¶Õ¶²Ï¯°±²¼¯ê¼²

¾ô¾¿²¼ÝͲ¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¾¿±»×¾²ÑÕ¾²ơʶ²ßă¼²Óư¼¯²

Ó·³²ÔÒ³²Ĩ±Õ²¿¶ì²ơ쾿²Ô¯Êϲ¿Ö¶²¯ỉ¾²Ì¸²ơʶ²

ϯ°±²³¯±´³²³µ¶²³·¸²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³ÂĐʼ²ßỊ³²

ÑÞ²ĩíị²ìíÚ²îʶ²Ìܲ³¶Ò¾²ÑỊ²¼ÝͲ»²¯Ø¼ï²Ìܲϯµ³²

³Ù¾²¼ÝͲ¼µ¼²³Â±¾¿²³ºß²ÑÕ¸²Ĩ±Õ¾²ßð²Óñ²³·¸²

Ó¶ò±²Ô¶ó¾²¼¯¸²¾¿±â¾²¿º¾²Ó⾿²Í¸·¶²ÓĐô¼²Ìõ²

¹ă¾¿²ÂỊ¾¿²Âñ¶²³Â¸¾¿²¾¯ì¾¿²³¯´Ï²¾¶×¾²¿ö¾²Óº»Ú²

̱»²¾¯¶×¾ï²Ìõ²¹ă¾¿²ßÕ¾¯²¿¯Ăϲ³÷²¾¿±â¾²¿º¾²

³Ü²³¯º¾²ơ°¾²ÍβÔø²³¯±´³²¼ỉ²ÑÕ¾²Ï¯Ð²Ñ¶Ò¾²¾¯ù³²

¾¯ú²Ô¯Õ²¾ô¾¿²Ó⾿²¯ÞͲ¾¯Í¾¯ï²ÓỊ²Í¾²³¸Î¾ï²

¿¶Õß²¼¯¶²Ï¯ư²Ï¯°±²³¯±´³²ĩûị²üíÚ²®¯°±²³¯±´³²³µ¶²

³·¸²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³Đʼ²¯Í¶²ÑÞ²Ìõ²¹ă¾¿²¿º¾² ѵ¾²¿º¾²ơβ¿º¾²¼ỉ²³¯¸¾²³Ü²³¯º¾²²¼ö¾²Ï¯Õ¶²¼Þ²

¯Í¶²ßÕ¾¯²¿¯ĂϲÓÙ²³µ¶²³·¸²ÑÞ²³ÂĐʼ²³Â¸¾¿²ơβ Ìͱ²¾¿¸Î¶Ú²îù¾²Óò²Íβơʶ²¾¯ì¾¿²¾¿Đú¶²Ñ󾯲

¼Þ²¿º¾²Ñµ¾²¿º¾²ơβ¿º¾²¼ỉ²³¯¸¾²¾¯ýï²¾¿þ¾²³¯ÿ² Ì0²Ô¯ð¾¿²ÓµÏ²ê¾¿²ÓĐô¼²»×±²¼ö±²ơò²Ôư¼¯²

³¯Đʼ²ßÕ¾¯²¿¯Ăϲ¼ÝͲϯ°±²³¯±´³Ú²12¼²Ñ¶ó³²

¾¿Đú¶²î¶ó³²3Í߲ԯв¾¿Đú¶²¾¯ýﲿº¾²4Íß5 ̳¾¿²³¯Đú¾¿²ÑĂï²¾×¾²¾¯¶ò±²Ï¯°±²³¯±´³²ơ¶×¾²

¾¿¯¶²¾¿ú²ơò²³×±²¼¯±6¾²Ôư¼¯²³¯Đʼ²ßÕ¾¯²¿¯Ăϲ

Í󱲼޲ӵϲ꾿²ÓĐô¼²¼¯¸²Ï¯°±²³¯±´³²³µ¶²³·¸²

¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³ÂĐʼ²¯Í¶²ÑÞڲ̷¶²Ñ󾯲ơ¶ó¾² î¶ó³²1ê¼ï²¼¯7¾¿²³ð¶²Óñ²³Ò¾²¯Î¾¯²Ï¯°±²³¯±´³²µ¶²

³·¸²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³Đʼ²¯Í¶²ÑÞ²¼¯¸²ìí²³Đú¾¿²

¯ôϲÌõ²¹ă¾¿²¿º¾²Ñµ¾²¿º¾²¼¯´Ï²ÑÖ¾²ÓÙ²³µ¶²³·¸² ÑÞ²³ÂĐʼ²³Â¸¾¿ï²¿º¾²¼ỉ²³¯¸¾²¼¯´Ï²ÑÖ¾²¼¯¸²ÑÞ² Ìͱ²¾¿¸Î¶Ú²3¿¯¶×¾²¼ê±²¾¯½ß²ßă¼²³¶×±8²²9ð²³Õ² Ó2¼²Ó¶Ùß²¿¶Õ¶²Ï¯°±²¼ÝͲßÕ¾¯²¿¯ĂϲÑÖ¾²¹Õ¶²

¿º¾²¼ỉ²Ñµ¾²¿º¾²ơβßÕ¾¯²¿¯ĂϲÑÖ¾²¹Õ¶²¿º¾²¼ỉ²

³¯¸¾²³Ü²³¯º¾²¼ÝͲ¾¯Þß²Ñ󾯲¾¯º¾²ÓĐô¼²Ï¯°±²

³¯±´³²µ¶²·¸²¹º»²¼¯½¾¿²¼¯Ă¸²³Đʼ²¯Í¶²ÑÞÚ²

  !"#$%"&'

( )*+,-./

01234536789389:83;<=>3?9@A3B9ACB38DE3 FGE3BHE3BIG3J:K3>9L8M3>9NG3BO<P>39QE36R36L8M3 M:836H83M:83ST3M:83>U3B9G83BV3B9:83BIE367893

SE783WE7B3XY>3BOG8M3B9ZE3MEQ83B[3B9H8M3\]4^553

;_83B9H8M3`]4^54a3 bcB3>d3>H>36789389:83;<=>32e3SPE3B<3B9_3 8L238MfQ3;g3>9:83BV3JG3OQ38MGTE36T832eh3SPE3 i9A8M3>j3;k893;lE3m836T832ea3nl8M3Jo8M3>o3

BAjB3M:832p3;g3qcK3M:83>U36H83M:83ST3M:83>U3

B9G8a3rT23FI>932s3>Uh3tN83BQ3?9v83M:83B<P?3 p3;vA3Bm8a3wxE3M:83;<=>33>9C?3;sEhi9:A3SyB3 9QE3;vA3FQA3;R3qA183J:K3z8JG{ABBG83ST3Mc?3

;sE3qIE3B9T8932d893M9N?36j83JdEa3|f3Jo8M3

B9<P>3;G3>}Q39~8M3|2EB933€Ả?9Ả‚3;g3;G3

;<Z8M3iƒ893ST3>9E„A3JTE32d893M9N?a3

…†‡+†ˆ‰Š‹ŒẮŽẾ)Ž*‘‡

b9A3B9C?3>H>3Fj3qE7A3S„3;’>3;Eg23>}Q3 89R236789389:8“3BAeEh3MEPEh3>9E„A3>QGh3>:83 8’8M3ST3;’>3;Eg23iƒ>93B9<P>32d893M9N?a3

”H>3i_B3•Ad3;<=>3tf3q–36L8M3>H>3B9ACB3

BGH83B9j8M3im3K39—>a3

˜ ™š›œỚ./†*ž.Ớœ‡

bcB3>d36789389:83B9Q23MEQ38M9Em83>YA3;„A3

;<=>3MEdE3B9ƒ>93;vK3;}3ST39GT83BGT83BV3 8MAK783>9c?389C83;E„A3BO39=?3BH>3BjBa3bOG8M3

B<Z8M39=?38M<ZE367893i9s8M3;18M3B9AC83FŸ3

;<=>3>9AKg83FQ8M3?9<U8M3?9H?3;E„A3BO

B9s8M3B9<Z8Ma3

4536789389:83M1234^38Q23ST3538ẵh3>R3;D3

BAeE3BOA8M36ặ893qT34Ỡh`3ớ3ÙhÙ3ờ5`3ở3ỡ`3BAeEŨ

>9E„A3>QG3BOA8M36ặ893qT35ỨỠhỠ3ớ3ợhỨ3>23ờ5Ứ^3ở3 5`^>2Ũh3>:838’8M3BOA8M36ặ893qT3Ứợh^3ớ3ợhÙ3iM3

ờÙÙ3ởỠÙ3iMŨa

Ừổ./(†*Ử‡Ỳ‹*Ớ³ÍÌổ.†/†ộ‰

ÓỚÌĨ ửÓữÒỚÌĨ ửÒỚÌĨ ỪỎ¾ựĨầỈ*.ữỈ͌ÁĨ 0:836H83M:8 ^5 5Ỡ ^ỡ ờỨhỨh\3^3ớ3ở`h^h^3ợ3>2Ũ>2ÂÂ

0:83>U3B9G8Â ợÂ 5ỨÂ 5Â ỨhỨ3ớ3^hÙ3>2Â

ờỨh^3ởỠhÙ>2ŨÂ

Ừổ./… ,ấ./ẩẫ.†Ớ³ÍÌổ.†/†ộ‰

ậđẻữÓÌÌĨ ửÓữÒÌÌĨ ửÒÌÌĨ ỪỎ¾ựầỈ*.ữỈ͌ÁĨ 0:836H83M:8 ^ ợ 5Ỡ ỠhÙ3ớ3^hỨ322Â

ờỨh^3ở`hÙ22ŨÂ 0:83>U3B9G8Â 5`Â ỡÂ ^Â Ùh`3ớ3^hỨ322Â

ờợhÙ3ởỠ22ŨÂ

!"#$%&'"%()*!%+!,-%+.*%/0*%+.*%12%34%5"6*%7$8*%9:%9;<%=>"%1!"#$%18?%*+@A"%/;*!%%

B%C%DEFFG%='%56*%7$8*%<@H*+%IJ"%=>"%1.*%*K*+%*+@A"%/;*!%B%C%DELMGN

D OD PD LD QD FD RD SD MD TD

OFF ORD ORF OSD OSF OMD OMF

1!"#$%18?%*+@A"%/;*!%B1(G

UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdXebcVfeghViXjkVlmbhchnocpbqrbcpbstVghViXgeubc`vVqwbh

%

!"#$%&'"%1x8%()*!%+!,-%+.*%1H%<!?*%56*%7$8*%9:%9;<%=>"%1!"#$%18?%*+@A"%/;*!%B%C%DEQMG%='% 1.*%*K*+%*+@A"%/;*!%B%C%DEQRGN

D OD PD LD QD FD RD SD MD

OFD ORD OSD OMD OTD !"#$%18?%*+@A"%/;*!%B1(G

UVWXYZ{\]^_`abcdXebcVfeghViXjkVlmbhchnocpbga_hubskghViXgeubc`vVqwbh

  !"#$

%&'()*+,-*./0*()123(*45/*467*418()*-92* :/;*(1<-*41=*4>*?@-*AB(1*(1C(*(DE*F2G/*(H;*

4>*-1I*JK*)202*JH*:'*)C(*L7?M-&()*N*(D*)2O2*

-1PQ()*(1RS*TUV*?0(1*)1WV*4>*FPQ()*+X(1*

(1R*(1<-*JHY*ZE[??*\H*]E[??*41X(1*JH*467*

AB(1*(1C(*(D*:/;*(1<-*(H;S* T12G/*47'*-/()*A^(1*467*(1>?*AB(1*(1C(*

JH*_Z`E`*a*]EZ*4?*b-c*_Zd4?*e_fd4?gST12G/*

47'*()PQ2*AB(1*JH*?@-*;,/*-h*41X(1*41'*V1WV*

-3(*JPi()*+X41*-1PO4**?0(1*)1WVS*%&'()*

()123(*45/*(H;*4>*Mj*J23(*./7(*-Pk()*Fh2* )2D7*412G/*47'*()PQ2*AB(1*\O2*412G/*:H2*

?0(1*)1WV*)C(*Al(*b1^(1*_E*\O2*&*m*dE[[g*\H*

412G/*:H2*?0(1*)1WV*)C(*4k*-1'(b1^(1*nE*\O2* m*dE]fgS**TUV*?0(1*)1WV*JO(*(1<-*JHY*fE[*??*

o*f*4?p*`*??*o*`E[*4?*-1/@4*\G*AB(1*(1C(*

47'*_fd*4?E*(U()*`[*+)S*%/;*(123(E*AB(1*

(1C(*(7?*-1<V*(1<-*JH*_Zd*4?*41'*4UV*?0(1*

)1WVY*`E[*??*o`*4?p*ZE[*??*o*`4?S*%&'()*[*

?0(1*)1WV*4>*412G/*:H2*()q(*(1<-*-1^*4>*r*

AB(1*(1C(*47'*-&3(*_Z[*4?S*%&'()*(1>?*

()123(*45/*467*418()*-92*4>*f*AB(1*(1C(*47'*

-c*_Z[4?*-&N*o/h()*\H*41=*4>*?@-*AB(1*(1C(*

47'*_fd4?S*T18()*-92*(1s(*-1<;*4k*Ft7*467*

-c()*()PQ2*AB(1E*+10*(u()*1'v-*F@()*(12G/*

b()PQ2*sV*J/;B(*-1I*-17'E*-1I*1^(1E*Jw'*(82xg* 4>*-1I*41'*(1D()*?0(1*)1WV*-h-S*y@-*;,/*-h*

./7(*-&z()*(D7*0(1*1PN()*-O2*FU4*F2I?*)202* V1{/*467*?0(1*)1WV*F>*JH*+12*-2,(*1H(1*J<;*

)C(*V102*F8()*+|*-1/s-E*41X(1*ol4E*FI*J<;*

FPi4*)C(*4>*412G/*:H2*-h2*F7E*)C(*+19()*At* F5-*F'v(E*+19()*At*-POV*&l41S*})123(*45/*

-~()*./7(*467*T'&w;*S€S*\H*y2417wJ*S‚*\G*

+|*-1/s-*J<;*)C(*L7?M-&()*-j*-1C(*41'*-1<;Y*

412G/*:H2*467*172*)C(*Al(*)C(*\H*)C(*4k*-1'(*

+12*FPi4*J<;*F8()*+|*-1/s-*+1'0()*n[*e*rd4?*

\O2*41<-*Pi()*)C(*-h-*M7/*+12*Fƒ*4q-*7*V1„(*

)C(*-POV*N*F„/*-/()*-C?g*[†S

*‡G*FU4*F2I?*)202*V1{/*467*?0(1*)1WV* /7*n_*-PQ()*1iV*418()*-92*(1s(*-1<;Y*?0(1* )1WV*]*:02*)C(*Al(*)C(*416*;,/*4>*FPQ()* +X(1*JO(*1k(*`??E*-&'()*+12*FPQ()*+X(1*467*

?0(1*)1WV*]*:02*467*)C(*4k*-1'(*1„/*1,-*JH* Z??S*T12G/*:H2*?0(1*)1WV*]*:02*)C(*Al(*)C(*

-c*Z*e*f4?E*-&/()*A^(1*JH*ZEˆ*a*dE]4?S*T12G/* :H2*?0(1*)1WV*]*:02*)C(*4k*-1'(*-c*Z*e*`4?E*

-/()*A^(1*JH*ZEZ*a*dE[4?S*%1w'*Al'*4l'*467*

‰-M/'*}7+7?7w*Fl(1*)2l*-&3(*[d*AB(1*(1C(* FPi4*V1{/*-1/s-*l2*v'*:C;*41Š()*41W'*-PO4*

172*A>*M‹*:Œ()*)C(*Al(*)C(*-j*-1C(E*\O2*+|*

-1/s-*<;*)C(*:()*:Œ()*4Œ*-/h-*)C(*?N*)2h()* (1P*418()*-92SC(*Al(*)C(*M7/*F>*FPi4*4127* F92*FI*-v'*-1H(1*172*A>*b?Ž2*?@-*(‹7*)C(*Al(* )C(*M*)<V*F92*Jv2*FI*-v'*-1H(1*?0(1*)1WV* 41'*A>*-PO4*-'()*\H*M7/*()'H2g1^*412G/*:H2*

?0(1*)1WV*41'*A>*M7/*()'H2*JH*-c*[[*e*`d*

??E*\O2*FPQ()*+X(1*-&/()*A^(1*JH*[*??*…Z†S

%1w'*()123(*45/*467*%&Pk()*%&X*LD/*-&3(* [*AB(1*(1C(*FPi4*V1{/*-1/s-*-l2*-v'*:C;* 41Š()*41W'*-PO4*?@-*A>*M‹*:Œ()*?0(1*)1WV* ]*:02*V1h2*1iV*)C(*4k*-1'(*\H*)C(*Al(*)C(*-j*

-1C(*-1/*FPi4*+,-*./0Y*)C(*4k*-1'(*4>*412G/* :H2*/()*A^(1*JH*n_Eˆ*a*_E[`*4?E*)C(*Al(*)C(* 4>*412G/*:H2*-&/()*A^(1*JH*nZEn*a*_E]*4?*…`†S

%l4*)20*L'H()*‰(1*4()*()123(*45/*-&3(** ]`*-&PQ()*1iV*V1{/*-1/s-*-l2*-v'*:C;*41Š()* 41W'*-&PO4*?@-*A>*:()*)C(*L7?M-&()*-j*

-1C(E*-1/*FPi4*+,-*./0*?0(1*)1WV*4>*412G/* :H2*-&/()*A^(1*JH* En*4?E*FPQ()*+X(1*-&/()* A^(1*JH*`En[*??*…f†*

T12G/*:H2*-h2*-12I/*467*?0(1*)1WV*:()*

-'()*V1{/*-1/s-*l2*v'*:C;*41Š()*41W'*-PO4**

-1w'*-l4*)20*‘w'*T1w(*…ˆ†*JH*[[*??E*FlV*5()* FPi4*;3/*4„/*_[*??*?0(1*)1WV*(Š?*-&'()*

172*FPQ()*1„?*oPk()*F2*\H*oPk()*41H;S*

%&'()*()123(*45/*467*418()*-92E*?0(1*)1WV* ()q(*(1<-*JH*Z*4?E*Fv-*;3/*4„/*467*412G/*:H2*

?0(1*)1WVS*

&'()*+,-)./.)01*)234)*53)678.)23()9:)

*7;-<)58=)=5>3)*53?*)/@)AB)CDE).5F-<).5GB)

*7H.)5(@)IJ)KL)CM-<))<D-)N(OK*+-<)*')*5D-P)

.5Q-<)*R@)-5D-)*5SE)+F-<T)UH@)0V)*53?*)SE)<D-)

.53X-)Y/.)*5Z)O4-5)<5G=)[)C4@)<D-)I/-)<D-)

U\)O4-5)<5G=)[)C4@)<D-).])*5B-)6^)*@-).?E)

6/=)_-<)678.)E,3).`3)=5>3)*53?*a

i5Q-<)*R@)Y@-).5D-)*5\-5).4O)]-)I(-)<@/O)

6j.)Ik-5)U@k-)l@k*)m_.P)I(-)Wn-5)6AB)l@k-)

i5S-)*57]-<)i5o-5)5Z-5P)Ip)OR-)q<BA@)U\)

=5r-<)m\B)*AB)s(3)6A@)5t.)6n)*AB)6@u3)0@k-)

.5B).5Q-<)*R@)*@1-)5\-5)-<5@,-)._3)-\Ea)v1*)

234)-<5@,-)._3)-\E)*+3-<)*5'.P)05R-<).J)

Y3-<)6p*)8@).5)UH@)./.)-5JO)05/.a)

~!) €‚"!ƒh„…!ƒ"†h‚†‡!ƒ

"cˆf‰Š‹Œ~Œ!Ž-(*BO@.)CB3IWI3-CW)

(-*+@B+).+3.@(*)W@<(O-*)+.B-K*+3.*@B-‘)’“

”•“–—˜–™šP)‹›Šœƒs9:)[a)

‹!) žf…Ÿ€€†h"!ƒzh‚…‰€€†h !¡

"‰Ÿ€€†h¢!‹ŒŒœ!£+(*O-*)B¤)(-*+@B+).+3

.@(*)W<(O-*)-¥3+@K)¦@*5)K=.@(W)¤+-.)*B)

<+(¤*)*E=)(-C)K3+<@.(W)*.5-@23T)(-)(KKKK

O-*)B¤)+(-CBO@§C).B-*+BWWC)*+(WK‘)’“”•“

—˜–™šP)‹¨Š~Œƒ::©)::ª[a)

«!) ¬†fhchc‡!ƒ ­h®…Ÿ†¯!ƒ …{€c

ž!ƒz‚‰chc‡Š‹Œ~Œ!°+(¤*KW.*@B-)@-)(+*5+B

K.B=@.)(-*+@B+).+3.@(*)W@<(O-*)+.B-K*+3.

*B-‘)±²“”•–™3“³´µ³”–¶P~~Š·ƒ9::)9:©a)

·! ž¸…‰fh}!!¡¹hºº»{!¹!

Š‹ŒŒ·!Ž-*+@B+).+3.@(*)W@<(O-*)+.B-K*+3.

*B-T)¦[email protected])<+(¤*)@K)IK*¼a)’“”•“–—˜–™šP)‹ŒŠœƒ

©ª[)©½¾a)

¨! ž†Ÿfh!!ƒ¢‰!¡®hhc{!¢!

Š‹ŒŒ«!)N(OK*+-<)*-CB-)5(+UK*@-<a)¿U@¦

@-<)(-(*BO@.)+W(*@B-K5@=K)(-C)(UB@C@-<)=@*

¤(WWKa)²“”•–™4¶ĂÂ5–“”•’µP)«·Š~ƒ:)½a)

›!) Đf…z!ƒ}d¸c{!ƒz‚d¸c!ƒ

 …c…{Š‹Œ~‹!)iW@-@.(W).BO=(+@KB-K)I*¦-)

*5)*(-K*@I@(W).5-@23)(-C)*5)¤(+)(-*+BO C@(W)=B+*(W)*.5-@23)¤B+)=BK*+BW(*+(W)¤OB+(W)

*3 W)C+@@-<)@-)(-(*BO@.)CB3IWI3-CW)(-* +B+).+3.@(*)W@<(O-*)+.B-K*+3.*@B-a)’“”•“

—˜–™šP)‹ÊŠ¨ƒÔƠ½)ÔÔÔa) Ư!‰Ìgh®‰ỈĨƒ¹Íc ỊhÌÍdƒ

®»Îh Ịhρh®Š‹ŒŒƯ!m/-5)<@/)01*)234)

*/@)AB)CDE).5F-<).5GB)*7H.)IF-<)O4-5)<5G=) Ij-)C4@)<D-).])*5B-))I/-)<D-)23()-p@)KB@a)6

•Ð˜”•Ñ•™•Ò7Ó4•ÔÕĂ•P~~Š‹ƒ::Ô):9:a) Ê!) ÌÖh®†×h®zh¸Š‹ŒŒœ!q<5@,-)._3) 6@u3)*+)6_*)CDE).5F-<).5GB)*+7H.)05H=)<j@) IF-<)=5>3)*53?*)-p@)KB@)KL)CM-<)<D-).])I/-)

<D-)U\)<D-).])*5B-a)Ù´ÚẬ”ĂÜ—ݚ•Ð˜P) Nt.)U@k-)Þ3D-)Ea)

œ! ¸…h$!ƒ††Ÿ…» !¡¬†€…h„…‰®!

Š‹ŒŒ«!)Žiß)+.B-K*+3.*@B-)¦@*5)5(OK*+-<)

*-CB-a)²“”•–™4¶ĂÂ5–“”•’µP)«·Š~ƒ©):½a)

žff‰»

)

£5)=3+=BK)B¤)5@K)K*3CE)¦(K)*B)U(W3(*)*5)(-(*BO@.)¤(*3+K)B¤)5)23(C+3=WC)KO@*-C@ -BK3K)*-CB-)<+(¤*(-C)*5)23(C+3=WC)<+(.@WK)*-CB-)<+(¤*-)CB3IW)I3-CW)Žiß)+.B-K*+3.*@B-) 3K@-<)(3*B<-B3K)N(OK*+-<)*-CB-a)âU(W3(*)9:)=(*@-*K)+.@U@-<)CB3IW)I3-CW)Žiß)+.B-

!"#$!%&'( #")*"+(# %')(,#!&)*'&# (-, !"')(!*'/&' (,!(0%*!(1#$(2& 3%!,4(&.(6*3!*.7*"(89::(

!&(;#)# !(89:8<(=4%'%$,4(, * *'!(&5(!2*(,',!&.%$(5*,!#"* (&5(!2*(>?( !",'/( *.%!*'/%'& # (

!*'/&'()",5!,'/(>?( !",'/()",$%4 (!*'/&'()",5!2,@*(7**'(/&$#.*'!*/<(A2*(.*/%,4(4*')!2(&5(2*(

>?( !",'/( *.%!*'/%'& # (!*'/&'()",5!B, (C<D(E(9<>$.F(B%!2(,'(,@*",)*(/%,.*!*"(&5(G<H(E(9<C <( A2*(.*/%,4(*')!2(&5(2*(>? !",'/()",$%4 (!*'/&'()",5!B, (C<C(E(9<H($.(B%!2(,'(,@*",)*(/%,.*!*"(

&5(H<I(E(9<C <(;44)",5! ((,$2%*@*/(!2*("*J#%"*.*'!(&5(*$&' !"#$!%@*( #")*"+<( KLMNOPQRSTUTVOWXYZLTV[PLR\VLUQOU]PTZV\^_PLYOURVP[YVXOU