大丈夫 - Wiktionary

Chinese

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big; great; hugebig; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	husband; man; male
simp. and trad.(大丈夫)		大	丈夫

Etymology 1

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Attestable in pre-Qin texts.

Pronunciation

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• Mandarin (Pinyin): dàzhàngfu, dàzhàngfū (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ˙ㄈㄨ, ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
• Cantonese (Jyutping): daai6 zoeng6 fu1
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai-chhong-fû
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-tiōng-hu

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, colloquial, standard in Mainland)+
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfu
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ˙ㄈㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfů
    • Wade–Giles: ta4-chang4-fu5
    • Yale: dà-jàng-fu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanq.fu
    • Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
    • Sinological IPA (key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu¹/
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, literary alternative in Mainland)+
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfū
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfu
    • Wade–Giles: ta4-chang4-fu1
    • Yale: dà-jàng-fū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanqfu
    • Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
    • Sinological IPA (key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
    • Jyutping: daai6 zoeng6 fu1
    • Yale: daaih jeuhng fū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daai6 dzoeng6 fu1
    • Guangdong Romanization: dai6 zêng6 fu1
    • Sinological IPA (key): /taːi̯²² t͡sœːŋ²² fuː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-chhong-fû
    • Hakka Romanization System: tai cong fuˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tai4 cong4 fu1
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ fu²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-tiōng-hu
    • Tâi-lô: tāi-tiōng-hu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daixdioxnghw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hu³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/

Noun

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大丈夫

1. real man; man of character 男子漢大丈夫，流血不流淚 [MSC, trad.]男子汉大丈夫，流血不流泪 [MSC, simp.]nánzǐhàn dàzhàngfū, liúxuè bù liúlèi [Pinyin]A true man bleeds but never sheds a tear
   • 居天下之廣居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志與民由之，不得志獨行其道。富貴不能淫，貧賤不能移，威武不能屈。此之謂大丈夫。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志与民由之，不得志独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈。此之谓大丈夫。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCEJū tiānxià zhī guǎngjū, lì tiānxià zhī zhèngwèi, xíng tiānxià zhī dàdào. Dézhì yǔ mín yóu zhī, bùdézhì dúxíng qí dào. Fùguì bùnéng yín, pínjiàn bùnéng yí, wēiwǔ bùnéng qū. Cǐ zhī wèi dàzhàngfū. [Pinyin]If you dwell in the great house of the world, are established in your correct position in the world, walk the great Path of the world; if you attain your ambitions for office, and then share your goodness with the people—or, not attaining your ambitions for office and walking alone on your own Path; if wealth and honor do not dissipate you, poverty and low status do not make you move from your principles; authority and might do not distort you: Then you can be called a “great man.”
   • 前識者，道之華而愚之始也。是以大丈夫處其厚，不處其薄；居其實，不居其華。故去彼取此。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]前识者，道之华而愚之始也。是以大丈夫处其厚，不处其薄；居其实，不居其华。故去彼取此。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCEQiánshí zhě, dào zhī huá ér yú zhī shǐ yě. Shì yǐ dàzhàngfū chù qí hòu, bù chù qí bó; jū qí shí, bù jū qí huá. Gù qù bǐ qǔ cǐ. [Pinyin]Foreknowledge is the flower of Tao, but of ignorance the beginning. Therefore a great sportsman abides by the solid and dwells not in the superficial. He abides in the fruit and dwells not in the flower. Therefore he discards the latter and chooses the former.
   • 所謂「大丈夫」者，謂其智之大也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]所谓「大丈夫」者，谓其智之大也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCESuǒwèi “dàzhàngfū” zhě, wèi qí zhì zhī dà yě. [Pinyin]"A great sportsman" is so called because his wisdom is great.
   • 觀秦皇帝，喟然太息曰：「嗟乎，大丈夫當如此也！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]观秦皇帝，喟然太息曰：「嗟乎，大丈夫当如此也！」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCEGuān Qín huángdì, kuìrán tàixī yuē: “Jiēhū, dàzhàngfū dāng rúcǐ yě!” [Pinyin]When he saw Qin Shihuang, he sighed: "Oh, that's what a man should be like!"

Descendants

[edit] Sino-Xenic (大丈夫):

• → Japanese: 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu); 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ふ) (daijōfu)
• → Korean: 대장부(大丈夫) (daejangbu)
• → Vietnamese: đại trượng phu (大丈夫)

See also

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• 丈夫 (zhàngfū)
• 男子漢／男子汉 (nánzǐhàn)

Etymology 2

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Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu), from Chinese 大丈夫.

Pronunciation

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• Mandarin (Pinyin): dàzhàngfū (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)+
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfū
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfu
    • Wade–Giles: ta4-chang4-fu1
    • Yale: dà-jàng-fū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanqfu
    • Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
    • Sinological IPA (key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

Adjective

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大丈夫

1. (Internet slang) all right; okay 這樣大丈夫？／这样大丈夫？  ―  Zhèyàng dàzhàngfū?  ―  Is this okay?

Japanese

[edit] FWOTD – 6 January 2023

Kanji in this term
大	丈	夫
だいGrade: 1	じょうGrade: S	ぶGrade: 4
goon

Alternative forms

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• (informal) だいじょぶ (daijobu)

Etymology

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From Chinese 大丈夫, equivalent to 大 (dai-) +‎ 丈夫 (jōbu).

Pronunciation

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• (Tokyo) だいじょーぶ [dàíjóꜜòbù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2]
• IPA(key): [da̠iʑo̞ːbɯ̟]

Noun

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大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) • (daijōbu) ←だいぢやうぶ (daidyaubu)?(alternative reading hiragana だいじょうふ, rōmaji daijōfu, historical hiragana だいぢやうふ)

1. (archaic) a man of class; a great man

Adjective

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大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) • (daijōbu) ←だいぢやうぶ (daidyaubu)?-na (adnominal 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)な (daijōbu na), adverbial 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)に (daijōbu ni))

1. (of a person) all right; okay; in good health; uninjured Synonym: 無事 (buji) 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)ですか。Daijōbu desu ka.Are you all right?
   • 1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “なにがなんだか 後編 [What’s What: Last Chapter]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) [Short Program], 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 283: 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)受(う)かります！Daijōbu ukarimasu!That’ll be all right. You’ll definitely pass! ほんとに⁉Honto ni⁉Really!?
2. (of an object) all right, unbroken, still working
3. certain, correct, certifiable
4. (after the te form of a verb) indifferent, unconcerned Synonyms: かまわない (kamawanai), 差し支えない (sashitsukaenai) 遅(ち)刻(こく)しても大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)だ。Chikoku shitemo daijōbu da.It's no big deal to be late.
5. (in response to an offer) no thank you Synonyms: いい (ii), 結構 (kekkou), 要らない (iranai) レジ袋(ぶくろ)は大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)です。Rejibukuro wa daijōbu desu.I am fine without a plastic bag.

Usage notes

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• In strict terms, declining an offer with 大丈夫 is considered ambiguous. Nonetheless, the usage has become widespread in modern day Japan.

Descendants

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• → Hokkien: lăi-jiò͘-bù
• → Mandarin: 大丈夫 (dàzhàngfū)
• → Yonaguni: 大丈夫 (daidubu)

References

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• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
• Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term
大	丈	夫

Noun

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大丈夫 • (daejangbu) (hangeul 대장부)

1. hanja form? of 대장부 (“real man”)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term
大	丈	夫

Noun

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大丈夫

1. chữ Hán form of đại trượng phu (“(archaic, Chinese fiction) a virtuous, ambitious, admirable man”).

Yonaguni

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Kanji in this term
大	丈	夫
Grade: 1	Grade: S	Grade: 4

Etymology

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From Japanese 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu), from Chinese 大丈夫 (dàzhàngfu).

Pronunciation

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• IPA(key): /daidubu/

Adjective

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大丈夫(だいどぅぶ) (daidubu) 

1. all right
2. okay