9023 - Gene ResultCH25H Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase [ (human)]

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Create FileAdd to ClipboardAdd to Collections CH25H cholesterol 25-hydroxylase [ Homo sapiens (human) ] Gene ID: 9023, updated on 25-Nov-2025 Gene Sequences (FASTA) Transcript sequences (FASTA) Protein sequences(FASTA)

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Summary

Go to the top of the page Help Official Symbol CH25Hprovided by HGNC Official Full Name cholesterol 25-hydroxylaseprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:1907 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000138135 MIM:604551; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1907 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as C25H Summary This is an intronless gene that is involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The encoded protein is a membrane protein and contains clusters of histidine residues essential for catalytic activity. Unlike most other sterol hydroxylases, this enzyme is a member of a small family of enzymes that utilize diiron cofactors to catalyze the hydroxylation of hydrophobic substrates. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Orthologs mouse all NEW Try the new Gene table Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help See CH25H in Genome Data Viewer Location: 10q23.31 Exon count: 1
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 10 NC_000010.11 (89205629..89207317, complement)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 10 NC_060934.1 (90089526..90091214, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 10 NC_000010.10 (90965386..90967074, complement)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000010.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence: NC_000010.11 Chromosome 10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly NC_060934.1 Chromosome 10 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0 NC_000010.10 Chromosome 10 Reference GRCh37.p13 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. CH25H Promotes Autophagy and Regulates the Malignant Progression of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through the PI3K-AKT Pathway. Xiang Z, et al. Cancer Med, 2024 Oct. PMID 39428922, Free PMC Article
  2. Identification of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase as a Novel Host Restriction Factor and a Part of the Primary Innate Immune Responses against Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Xiang Y, et al. J Virol, 2015 Jul. PMID 25903345, Free PMC Article
  3. Expression Pattern of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase and Serum Level of 25-Hydroxycholesterol and Relevant Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Varying Disease Severity of COVID-19. Roozbehani M, et al. Viral Immunol, 2023 Nov. PMID 37831916
  4. Research progress on the mechanism of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase in intestinal immunity. Zhong G, et al. Front Immunol, 2023. PMID 37720208, Free PMC Article
  5. The role of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase in viral infections: Mechanisms and implications. Yousefi P, et al. Pathol Res Pract, 2023 Sep. PMID 37660656

See all (43) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. CH25H Promotes Autophagy and Regulates the Malignant Progression of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through the PI3K-AKT Pathway. Title: CH25H Promotes Autophagy and Regulates the Malignant Progression of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through the PI3K-AKT Pathway.
  2. Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase Protects Against Diabetic Kidney Disease by Regulating ADP Ribosylation Factor 4. Title: Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase Protects Against Diabetic Kidney Disease by Regulating ADP Ribosylation Factor 4.
  3. Hypoxia-induced ALKBH5 aggravates synovial aggression and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the m6A modification of CH25H. Title: Hypoxia-induced ALKBH5 aggravates synovial aggression and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by regulating the m6A modification of CH25H.
  4. Expression Pattern of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase and Serum Level of 25-Hydroxycholesterol and Relevant Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Varying Disease Severity of COVID-19. Title: Expression Pattern of Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase and Serum Level of 25-Hydroxycholesterol and Relevant Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Varying Disease Severity of COVID-19.
  5. Research progress on the mechanism of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase in intestinal immunity. Title: Research progress on the mechanism of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase in intestinal immunity.
  6. The role of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase in viral infections: Mechanisms and implications. Title: The role of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase in viral infections: Mechanisms and implications.
  7. Involvement of CCL2 and CH25H Genes and TNF signaling pathways in mast cell activation and pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Title: Involvement of CCL2 and CH25H Genes and TNF signaling pathways in mast cell activation and pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria.
  8. Tumor-Suppressive and Immune-Stimulating Roles of Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Title: Tumor-Suppressive and Immune-Stimulating Roles of Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.
  9. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase expression following immune activation in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Title: Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase expression following immune activation in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  10. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) as a promoter of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity and diabetes. Title: Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) as a promoter of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity and diabetes.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Association of genome-wide variation with the risk of incident heart failure in adults of European and African ancestry: a prospective meta-analysis from the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium.EBI GWAS CatalogEBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Identification of genomic predictors of atrioventricular conduction: using electronic medical records as a tool for genome science.EBI GWAS CatalogEBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat Microarray analysis indicates HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells PubMed
matrix gag HIV-1 MA increases CH25H mRNA expression in HepG2 cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

  • RH45896 (e-PCR)
    • UniSTS:23821

Homology

  • NCBI Orthologs
    • Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables C-4 methylsterol oxidase activity IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info  
enables cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info PubMed 
enables cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similaritymore info  
enables iron ion binding IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables metal ion binding IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables monooxygenase activity IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables oxidoreductase activity IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables protein binding IPI Inferred from Physical Interactionmore info PubMed 
enables steroid hydroxylase activity IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info  
enables steroid hydroxylase activity IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
enables steroid hydroxylase activity TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in B cell chemotaxis IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in B cell chemotaxis ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similaritymore info  
involved_in cholesterol metabolic process IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info  
involved_in cholesterol metabolic process IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol metabolic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in lipid biosynthetic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in lipid metabolic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in lipid metabolic process TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cholesterol metabolic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in negative regulation of fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info PubMed 
involved_in response to type I interferon IDA Inferred from Direct Assaymore info PubMed 
involved_in steroid biosynthetic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in steroid metabolic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
involved_in sterol biosynthetic process IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info  
involved_in sterol biosynthetic process IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytosol TAS Traceable Author Statementmore info  
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestormore info  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotationmore info  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help Preferred Names cholesterol 25-hydroxylase Names cholesterol 25-monooxygenase h25OH NP_003947.1
  • EC 1.14.99.38

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_003956.4 → NP_003947.1  cholesterol 25-hydroxylase

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003947.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s) AL513533, BC017843 Consensus CDS CCDS7400.1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot B2RBY3, O95992 Related ENSP00000360918.2, ENST00000371852.4 Conserved Domains (1) summary pfam04116Location:135 → 263 FA_hydroxylase; Fatty acid hydroxylase superfamily

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000010.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range 89205629..89207317 complement Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060934.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range 90089526..90091214 complement Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O95992.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O95992
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Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Other Literature Sources
  • Dryad Digital Repository
    • Dryad Digital Repository
Chemical Information
  • Interologous Interaction Database
    • Interologous Interaction Database
  • MilliporeSigma
    • Ch25h products
Molecular Biology Databases
  • Bgee database
    • CH25H gene expression
  • BioGPS
    • BioGPS
  • BioGRID Open Repository of CRISPR Screens (ORCS)
    • BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (18 hits/1352 screens)
  • CTD: Comparative Toxicogenomics Database
    • CTD: Comparative Toxicogenomics Database - CH25H
  • Domain Mapping of Disease Mutations
    • CH25H
  • Eukaryotic Promoter Database
    • CH25H_1
  • GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
    • GlyGen glycoinformatics resource
  • Human eFP Browser
    • Human eFP Browser
    • Human eFP Browser
    • Human eFP Browser
  • Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
    • Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
  • InnateDB
    • InnateDB
  • InterMine
    • InterMine
  • Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
    • Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
  • OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
    • OMA Browser: Orthologous MAtrix
  • OrthoDB catalog of orthologs
    • Orthologs
  • PhosphoSitePlus
    • PhosphoSitePlus® - comprehensive post-translational modification resource
  • The Weizmann Institute of Science GeneCards and MalaCards databases
    • GeneCard for CH25H
Research Materials
  • Addgene Non-profit plasmid repository
    • Get Plasmids - Addgene
  • Bio-Techne
    • CH25H Antibodies
    • CH25H Proteins
    • CH25H Lysates
  • Creative Biogene
    • cholesterol 25-hydroxylase
  • ExactAntigen/Labome
    • reagents
  • GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
    • GenScript latest version of gene cDNA ORF Clone
  • GeneCopoeia Inc.
    • Order shRNA clones
    • Order promoter clone
    • Order full-length ORF clone
  • Kazusa DNA Research Institute
    • Kazusa DNA Research Institute
Tools
  • GeneMANIA
    • GeneMANIA
Miscellaneous
  • Reactome
    • Reactome Entity:O95992
    • Reactome Event:Metabolism
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Supplemental Content

Table of contents

  • Summary
  • Genomic context
  • Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
  • Bibliography
  • Phenotypes
  • Variation
  • HIV-1 interactions
  • Pathways from PubChem
  • Interactions
  • General gene information Markers, Homology, Gene Ontology
  • General protein information
  • NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)
  • Related sequences
  • Additional links

Genome Browsers

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Related information

  • Order cDNA clone Order cDNA clone
  • BioAssay by Target (List) BioAssays related to the gene by protein target or RNAi target
  • BioAssay by Target (Summary) Summarized PubChem Data on the gene, showing the active data by default
  • BioAssay, by Gene target PubChem BioAssays done on the Gene target
  • BioAssays, RNAi Target, Active BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent, which is identified as a hit in a RNAi screening and flagged as "active" in the corresponding BioAssay record
  • BioAssays, RNAi Target, Tested BioAssays that contain the gene as the target of a RNAi reagent
  • BioProjects BioProjects related to a gene
  • CCDS Link to CCDS
  • ClinVar Related medical variations
  • Conserved Domains Related CDD
  • dbVar Link from Gene to dbVar
  • Full text in PMC PMC links
  • Full text in PMC_nucleotide Full text in PubMedCentral identified from shared sequence links
  • Functional Class Functional class of the sequence domain architecture
  • Gene neighbors Overlapping genes and two nearest non-overlapping genes on either side
  • Genome Related Genome
  • GEO Profiles Related GEO
  • GTR Tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry
  • HomoloGene Related HomoloGene
  • Nucleotide Link to related Nucleotide entry
  • OMIM Link to related OMIM entry
  • Protein Link to related protein entry
  • PubChem Compound PubChem Compounds
  • PubChem Substance PubChem Substances
  • PubMed Link to related PubMed entry
  • PubMed (GeneRIF) Link to related PubMed article from GeneRIFs
  • PubMed (OMIM) Gene links to PubMed derived from omim_pubmed_cited links
  • PubMed(nucleotide/PMC) Citations in PubMed identified from shared sequence and PMC links.
  • RefSeq Proteins Link to Protein RefSeqs
  • RefSeq RNAs Link to Nucleotide RefSeq RNAs
  • Related gene-specific medical variations Related medical variations
  • SNP Related SNP records
  • Taxonomy Link to related taxonomy entry
  • Variation Viewer Related Variants

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